A dog rabies vaccination campaign in rural Africa: impact on the incidence of dog rabies and human dog-bite injuries
A dog rabies vaccination campaign in rural Africa: impact on the incidence of dog rabies and human dog-bite injuries
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DOI：
10.1016/s0264-410x(02)00778-8
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发表时间：
2003-05-16
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Barrat, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cleaveland, S;Kaare, M;Barrat, J
尽管有安全有效的狂犬病疫苗，但在撒哈拉以南非洲大部分地区，狗狂犬病的发病率一直在增加。在这里，我们描述了一种疫苗接种策略，该策略成功控制了坦桑尼亚西北部农村狗群的狂犬病。从1996年10月到2001年2月，在塞伦盖蒂地区的村庄进行了四次中心点狗疫苗接种活动，活动之间的平均间隔为338,319至456天。根据家庭调查问卷估计，在四次活动中，狗群的疫苗接种覆盖率分别为 64.5%、61.1%、70.6% 和 73.7%。塞伦盖蒂地区的狂犬病发病率显着下降，第一次活动后下降了 70%，第二次活动后下降了 97%。同一时期，穆索马区未接种疫苗的对照村庄的狂犬病发病率没有显着差异。在狗接种疫苗后，塞伦盖蒂地区被疑似狂犬病狗咬伤的发生率显着下降，但邻近未接种疫苗的地区则没有这种情况。 60-70% 的狗接种疫苗足以控制该地区的狗狂犬病，并显着减少人类暴露后狂犬病治疗的需求。在难以获得病例发生率数据的国家，狗咬伤可以为监测提供有价值且易于获取的数据来源。 (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Despite the availability of safe and effective rabies vaccines, the incidence of dog rabies has been increasing throughout much of sub-Saharan Africa. Here we describe a vaccination strategy that has resulted in successful control of rabies in a rural dog population of Northwestern Tanzania. From October 1996 to February 2001, four central-point dog vaccination campaigns were conducted in villages within Serengeti District with a mean interval between campaigns of 338,319 and 456 days. Vaccination coverage of the dog population was estimated from household questionnaires as 64.5, 61.1, 70.6 and 73.7% following each of the four campaigns, respectively. The incidence of dog rabies declined significantly in Serengeti District falling by 70% after the first campaign and by 97% after the second campaign. Over the same period, the incidence of dog rabies did not differ significantly in unvaccinated control villages of Musoma District. The incidence of human bite injuries from suspected rabid dogs declined significantly in Serengeti District after dog vaccination but not in adjacent unvaccinated districts. Vaccination of 60-70% of dogs has been sufficient to control dog rabies in this area and to significantly reduce demand for human post-exposure rabies treatment. Dog-bite injuries can provide a valuable and accessible source of data for surveillance in countries where case incidence data are difficult to obtain. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.