Objective versus Subjective Measures of Paris Metro Map Usability: Investigating Traditional Octolinear versus All-curves Schematic Maps Objective versus Subjective Measures of Paris Metro Map Usability: Investigating Traditional Octolinear versus All-curves Schematic Maps Objective versus Subjectiv
Objective versus Subjective Measures of Paris Metro Map Usability: Investigating Traditional Octolinear versus All-curves Schematic Maps Objective versus Subjective Measures of Paris Metro Map Usability: Investigating Traditional Octolinear versus All-curves Schematic Maps Objective versus Subjectiv
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Maxwell J. Roberts;Elizabeth J. Newton;Fabio D. Lagattolla;Simon Hughes;Megan C. Hasler;Roberts
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作者：
Maxwell J. Roberts;Elizabeth J. Newton;Fabio D. Lagattolla;Simon Hughes;Megan C. Hasler;Roberts
示意图是协助全球交通网络导航的重要组成部分。通过将路线显示为简单的直线，它们减少了旅程规划的认知负担，并且通过揭示网络的底层结构，它们使网络的关键特征更容易识别和学习。然而，尽管有许多关于优化示意图以最大化这些好处的建议，但迄今为止这些建议尚未得到已发表的可用性研究或心理学理论的直接支持。在本文中，我们建议在某些情况下传统的示意图无法产生效益，并且我们将使用当前官方 RATP 巴黎地铁地图的行程规划与全曲线设计进行比较，全曲线设计用柔和的曲线代替直线和拐角。三项独立的可用性研究（方法论略有不同）表明，All-Curves 地图的旅程规划时间优于 RATP 版本，效应大小范围为 0.48 到 1.12。主观可用性评级来自调查问卷和用户偏好，但两者都与客观可用性测量无关。我们的结论是：（1）在设计原理图方面，没有证据表明任何规则集都可以被称为黄金标准，并且将设计规则与网络属性相匹配非常重要，（2）在某些情况下，彻底背离传统思想可以产生可用性优势，（3）地图可用性似乎与地图参与度不同，尽管后者对于鼓励人们充分利用导航助手无疑很重要。
Schematic maps are an important component of assistance for navigating transport networks worldwide. By showing routes as simple straight lines, they reduce the cognitive load of journey planning, and by revealing the underlying structure of networks, they make their key features easier to identify and learn. However, although there are many suggestions for optimizing schematic maps so as to maximize these benefits, to date these have not been directly supported by published usability studies or psychological theory. In this paper, we suggest that there are circumstances in which conventional schematic maps fail to yield benefits, and we compare journey planning using the current official RATP Paris Metro map with an All-Curves design which replaces straight lines and corners with gentle curves. Three separate usability studies with slightly different methodologies showed that the journey planning time for the All-Curves map was better then the RATP version, with effect sizes ranging from 0.48 to 1.12. Subjective usability ratings were derived from questionnaires, and user preferences, but neither were correlated with objective usability measures. We conclude that (1) in terms of designing schematics, there is no evidence to suggest that any rule-set can be claimed to be a gold-standard, and it is important to match the design rules to the properties of the network, (2) in some circumstances, radical departures from traditional ideas can yield usability benefits, and (3) map usability appears to be distinct from map engagement, although the latter is undoubtedly important in encouraging people fully to make use of navigation aides.