Employment and physical activity in the U.S.
Employment and physical activity in the U.S.
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美国的就业和体育锻炼
DOI：
10.1016/j.amepre.2011.03.019
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发表时间：
2011-08
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Harris TB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Van Domelen DR;Koster A;Caserotti P;Brychta RJ;Chen KY;McClain JJ;Troiano RP;Berrigan D;Harris TB
缺乏身体活动是肥胖、心血管疾病、高血压和其他慢性疾病的危险因素，这些疾病在美国和世界范围内越来越普遍。工作时间占就业人员一天的主要部分。确定美国成年人的就业状况（全职，兼职或未就业）和工作类型（活动或久坐）与日常体力活动水平的关系。2003-2004年收集了全国健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）的横截面数据，并于2010年进行了分析。使用Actigraph单轴加速度计测量身体活动，纳入了年龄在20-60岁且监测≥ 4天的受试者（N = 1826）。加速度计变量包括佩戴期间的平均计数/分钟和在各种强度水平下花费的佩戴时间比例。在男性中，全职工作者比健康的非工作者更活跃（p = 0.004），在仅工作日的分析中，即使是久坐的工作者也比非工作者更活跃（p = 0.03），久坐的时间更少（p < 0.001）。与男性相比，从事全职久坐工作的女性在工作日比健康的非工作者花费更多的时间久坐（p = 0.008），并且进行较少的轻度和生活方式强度活动。在全职工作者中，从事活跃工作的人比从事久坐工作的人工作日的活动量更大（男性高22%，女性高30%）。在男子中，与不工作相比，全职就业，即使是久坐不动的职业，与身体活动呈正相关，在两性中，工作类型对日常活动水平有重大影响。
Physical inactivity is a risk factor for obesity, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and other chronic diseases that are increasingly prevalent in the U.S. and worldwide. Time at work represents a major portion of the day for employed people. To determine how employment status (full-time, part-time, or not employed) and job type (active or sedentary) are related to daily physical activity levels in American adults. Cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were collected in 2003–2004 and analyzed in 2010. Physical activity was measured using Actigraph uniaxial accelerometers, and participants aged 20–60 years with ≥ 4 days of monitoring were included (N = 1826). Accelerometer variables included mean counts/minute during wear time and proportion of wear time spent in various intensity levels. In men, full-time workers were more active than healthy nonworkers (p = 0.004), and in weekday-only analyses, even workers with sedentary jobs were more active (p = 0.03) and spent less time sedentary (p < 0.001) than nonworkers. In contrast with men, women with full-time sedentary jobs spent more time sedentary (p = 0.008) and had less light and lifestyle intensity activity than healthy nonworkers on weekdays. Within full-time workers, those with active jobs had greater weekday activity than those with sedentary jobs (22% greater in men, 30% greater in women). In men, full-time employment, even in sedentary occupations, is positively associated with physical activity compared to not working, and in both genders job type has a major bearing on daily activity levels.