Identifying thresholds for ecosystem-based management.
Identifying thresholds for ecosystem-based management.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0008907
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发表时间：
2010-01-26
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Ainsworth CH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Samhouri JF;Levin PS;Ainsworth CH
将基于生态系统的管理从概念转化为实践的最大障碍之一是缺乏系统的办法来界定生态系统一级的决策标准或触发管理行动的参考点。为了帮助资源管理者和决策者制定循证医学决策标准，我们引入了一个定量的，可转移的方法来确定效用阈值。效用阈值是人类引起的压力的水平（例如，污染），在这种情况下，小的变化会产生对EBM目标的实质性改善，即保护生态系统的结构（例如，多样性）和功能性（例如，弹性）属性。分析方法的基础上检测的生态系统属性和压力之间的关系的非线性。我们说明了一个假设的案例研究的方法（1）捕鱼和（2）近岸栖息地的压力，使用一个经验证的海洋生态系统模型，加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省，并得出数值阈值的密度方面的两个易于处理的指标组，sablefish和水母。我们还描述了如何将不确定性纳入效用阈值的估计，并在理解EBM权衡的背景下突出其价值。对于任何政策情景，了解效用阈值可以深入了解在改善生态系统结构和功能方面取得重大进展所需的管理干预的数量和类型。本文概述的方法可适用于单一或多种人为压力的背景下，任何海洋，淡水或陆地生态系统，并应促进更有效的管理。
One of the greatest obstacles to moving ecosystem-based management (EBM) from concept to practice is the lack of a systematic approach to defining ecosystem-level decision criteria, or reference points that trigger management action. To assist resource managers and policymakers in developing EBM decision criteria, we introduce a quantitative, transferable method for identifying utility thresholds. A utility threshold is the level of human-induced pressure (e.g., pollution) at which small changes produce substantial improvements toward the EBM goal of protecting an ecosystem's structural (e.g., diversity) and functional (e.g., resilience) attributes. The analytical approach is based on the detection of nonlinearities in relationships between ecosystem attributes and pressures. We illustrate the method with a hypothetical case study of (1) fishing and (2) nearshore habitat pressure using an empirically-validated marine ecosystem model for British Columbia, Canada, and derive numerical threshold values in terms of the density of two empirically-tractable indicator groups, sablefish and jellyfish. We also describe how to incorporate uncertainty into the estimation of utility thresholds and highlight their value in the context of understanding EBM trade-offs. For any policy scenario, an understanding of utility thresholds provides insight into the amount and type of management intervention required to make significant progress toward improved ecosystem structure and function. The approach outlined in this paper can be applied in the context of single or multiple human-induced pressures, to any marine, freshwater, or terrestrial ecosystem, and should facilitate more effective management.
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影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Bellwood, DR;Hoey, AS;Choat, JH
通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.1997.0005
发表时间：
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