Ancient diversity in host-parasite interaction genes in a model parasitic nematode.
Ancient diversity in host-parasite interaction genes in a model parasitic nematode.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-023-43556-w
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发表时间：
2023-11-27
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Blaxter, Mark
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Stevens, Lewis;Martinez-Ugalde, Isaac;King, Erna;Wagah, Martin;Absolon, Dominic;Bancroft, Rowan;Gonzalez de la Rosa, Pablo;Hall, Jessica L;Kieninger, Manuela;Kloch, Agnieszka;Pelan, Sarah;Robertson, Elaine;Pedersen, Amy B;Abreu-Goodger, Cei;Buck, Amy H;Blaxter, Mark
宿主与寄生虫的相互作用对宿主和寄生虫的基因组都施加了强大的选择压力。这些相互作用可导致负频率依赖选择，这是一种平衡选择的形式，被假设可以解释许多宿主免疫和寄生虫抗原位点中出现的高水平多态性。在这里，我们对几种家鼠模式寄生虫Heligmosomoides bakeri和木鼠密切相关的寄生虫Heligmosomoides polygyrus进行了基因组测序。尽管bakeri人在文献中通常被称为polygyrus人，但他们的基因组显示出的差异水平与至少一百万年的独立进化相一致。这两个物种的基因组都含有高度分化的单倍型，这些单倍型富含与宿主免疫反应相互作用的蛋白质。这些单倍型中有许多早于bakeri人和polygyrus人的分化，这表明它们是通过长期的平衡选择得以维持的。总之，我们的研究结果表明，宿主免疫反应施加的选择压力在塑造寄生线虫基因组遗传多样性模式中发挥了关键作用。宿主-寄生虫相互作用可导致负频率依赖选择。在这里，作者分别对家鼠和木鼠的寄生虫bakeri H.和polygyrus H.的基因组进行了测序，发现与宿主免疫反应相互作用的蛋白质通常是高度多样化的。
Host-parasite interactions exert strong selection pressures on the genomes of both host and parasite. These interactions can lead to negative frequency-dependent selection, a form of balancing selection that is hypothesised to explain the high levels of polymorphism seen in many host immune and parasite antigen loci. Here, we sequence the genomes of several individuals of Heligmosomoides bakeri, a model parasite of house mice, and Heligmosomoides polygyrus, a closely related parasite of wood mice. Although H. bakeri is commonly referred to as H. polygyrus in the literature, their genomes show levels of divergence that are consistent with at least a million years of independent evolution. The genomes of both species contain hyper-divergent haplotypes that are enriched for proteins that interact with the host immune response. Many of these haplotypes originated prior to the divergence between H. bakeri and H. polygyrus, suggesting that they have been maintained by long-term balancing selection. Together, our results suggest that the selection pressures exerted by the host immune response have played a key role in shaping patterns of genetic diversity in the genomes of parasitic nematodes. Host-parasite interactions can lead to negative frequency-dependent selection. Here, the authors sequence the genomes of H. bakeri and H. polygyrus, parasites of house and wood mice, respectively, and find that proteins that interact with the host immune response are often highly diverse.