MHC class I-restricted antigen processing--lessons from natural ligands.
MHC class I-restricted antigen processing--lessons from natural ligands.
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MHC I 类限制性抗原加工——来自天然配体的教训。
DOI：
10.1159/000319185
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发表时间：
1993
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Falk
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Rammensee;O. Rötzschke;K. Falk
MHC分子是肽受体。它们的功能是对细胞内部的肽进行采样，并将肽转运到细胞的外部，在那里它们可以被T细胞检测。这两类MHC分子在肽的来源以及与肽的相互作用模式方面都不同。I类分子可以从细胞中合成的任何蛋白质中提取肽，包括由线粒体基因编码的蛋白质。来自细胞外部的蛋白质也必须能够将肽递送至I类分子，尽管这方面的证据相当间接[1-3]或仅在人工环境中观察到[4，5]。II类分子也主要呈递细胞内源性肽，尽管在许多教科书和论文中有相反的陈述。然而，另外，II类分子容易装载有衍生自被吞噬或以其他方式内化的蛋白质的肽。通过考虑肽加载的不同隔室，可以理解两种MHC类别的供肽蛋白来源的差异：I类分子在ER和早期高尔基体之间的某处获得它们的肽，而II类分子在内体/溶酶体隔室中找到它们的肽，即，与被吞噬物质相连的地方。免疫系统至少有两个容易理解的优点，通过使用MHC分子的肽呈递系统和识别系统，T细胞。I类分子使T细胞区室能够“看到”细胞内部，即在细胞表面上看到来自细胞内部的肽样品，使得呈递外来物质（如病毒衍生的肽）的细胞可以被T细胞识别和攻击。对于第二类分子，同样的论点也适用，如何-
MHC molecules are peptide receptors. Their function is to sample the cell's interior for peptides and to transport the peptides to the outer aspect of the cell, where they can be surveyed by T cells. The two classes of MHC molecules differ in both the source of peptides as well as in the mode of interaction with peptide. Class I molecules can pick up peptides from any protein that is synthesized in a cell, including proteins encoded by mitochon-drial genes. Proteins from the exterior of cells must also be able to deliver peptides to class I molecules, although evidence for this is rather indirect [1-3] or observed in artificial settings only [4, 5]. Class II molecules mainly present peptides endogenous to cells as well, in spite of opposite statements in numerous textbooks and papers. In addition, however, class II molecules are readily loaded with peptides derived from phagocytosed or otherwise internalized proteins. The differences in sources of peptide-donating proteins for the two MHC classes are intelligible by considering the different compartment for peptide loading: Class I molecules acquire their peptides somewhere between ER and early Golgi, whereas class II molecules find their peptides in the endosomal/lysosomal compartment, that is, a place connected with phagocytosed material.The immune system has at least two easily understandable advantages by using the system of peptide presentation by MHC molecules and recognition by T cells. Class I molecules enable the T cell compartment to'see'inside the cells, that is, to see peptide samples from inside the cell on the cell surface, so that a cell presenting foreign material, like virus-derived peptides, may be recognized and attacked by T cells. For class II molecules, the same argument applies, how-