ACTINOFORM CLOUDS: Overlooked Examples of Cloud Self-Organization at the Mesoscale
ACTINOFORM CLOUDS: Overlooked Examples of Cloud Self-Organization at the Mesoscale
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ACTINOFORM 云：中尺度云自组织的被忽视的例子
DOI：
10.1175/bams-85-10-1585
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
J. Westphal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Garay;R. Davies;C. Averill;J. Westphal
摘要层积云在热带和亚热带海洋边界层中很常见，由于其对地球辐射收支的重要影响，了解这些云是很重要的。观测表明，海洋边界层包含复杂但知之甚少的过程，这些过程不时导致可观察到的云结构的自组织，其尺度从几公里到几千公里不等。这种浅对流云的特征，通常观察到的六角形细胞，通常被称为中尺度细胞对流（MCC）。放射状云比较罕见，但在视觉上更引人注目的MCC形式，具有放射状结构。由于中尺度云的特征通常太大而无法从地面观测到，六边形云的观测历史上只追溯到卫星气象学的开始。1960年代早期，《每月天气评论》中古老的“每月图片”系列中展示了放射状云的例子，但......
Abstract Stratocumulus clouds are common in the tropical and subtropical marine boundary layer, and understanding these clouds is important due to their significant impact on the earth's radiation budget. Observations show that the marine boundary layer contains complex, but poorly understood processes, which, from time to time, result in the observable self-organization of cloud structures at scales ranging from a few to a few thousand kilometers. Such shallow convective cloud features, typically observed as hexagonal cells, are known generally as mesoscale cellular convection (MCC). Actinoform clouds are rarer, but visually more striking forms of MCC, which possess a radial structure. Because mesoscale cloud features are typically too large to be observed from the ground, observations of hexagonal cells historically date only to the beginning of satellite meteorology. Examples of actinoform clouds were shown in the venerable “Picture of the Month” series in Monthly Weather Review in the early 1960s, but...