Risk Factors in the Continuation of Childhood Antisocial Behavior into Adulthood
Risk Factors in the Continuation of Childhood Antisocial Behavior into Adulthood
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童年反社会行为持续到成年的危险因素
DOI：
10.1080/00207411.1978.11448810
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发表时间：
1978
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
K. Ratcliff
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Robins;K. Ratcliff
反社会行为模式通常开始于生命早期，通常是 10 岁之前，有时是学龄前。他们的特点是反抗父母和教育权威、偷窃、撒谎、打架以及学业成绩低于智商预测的水平。通常为青春期后期或成年期保留的行为发生过早，特别是酗酒、使用违禁药物、性交以及离家出学。在青春期，这种行为往往会触犯法律，从而使反社会的孩子成为少年犯。这些行为模式不成比例地（尽管不是全部）发生在因贫困和父母疏忽而处于不利地位的家庭中，而这些家庭本身也有反社会行为的历史的男性中。同胞关系往往异常大或异常小（后者有时是因为反社会孩子是私生子），而家庭往往因父母的婚姻问题或根本不结婚而破裂。童年时期出现的反社会行为为未来描绘了一幅非常稳定和不祥的图景（Clarizio，1968；Glueck & Glueck，1968；Robins，1966；Rutter、Tizard、Yule、Graham 和 Whit-
Antisocial patterns of behavior typically begin early in life, usually before age 10 and sometimes in the preschool years. They are characterized by resistance to parental and educational authority, stealing, lying, fighting, and school achievement less than that predicted by IQ« Behaviors ordinarily reserved for late adolescence or adulthood occur precociously, particularly drinking, use of illicit drugs, sexual intercourse, and leaving home and school. In adolescence, such behaviors often lead to difficulty with the law, and thus the antisocial child becomes a juvenile delinquent. These patterns of behavior occur disproportionately, although not exclusively, in males reared in homes disadvantaged by poverty and negligent parents who themselves have a history of antisocial behavior» Sibships are often unusually large or unusually small (the latter sometimes because the antisocial child is illegitimate), and homes are often broken by parents' marital problems or failure to marry at all. Antisocial behavior arising in childhood presents a remarkably stable and ominous picture for the future (Clarizio, 1968; Glueck & Glueck, 1968; Robins, 1966; Rutter, Tizard, Yule, Graham, & Whit-