US COVID-19 clinical trial leadership gender disparities.
US COVID-19 clinical trial leadership gender disparities.
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DOI：
10.1016/s2589-7500(23)00017-1
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发表时间：
2023-03
影响因子：
30.8
通讯作者：
Tuli, Gaurav
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sehgal, Neil K. R.;Brownstein, John S.;Majumder, Maimuna S.;Tuli, Gaurav
COVID-19大流行对女性的职业生涯造成了不成比例的影响，包括学术界和研究界的女性。于二零二零年六月，1548项COVID-19临床试验中仅有430项（27· 8%）由女性主要研究者领导，而于二零二零年八月，COVID-19手稿中仅有28· 0%的第一作者为女性。1，2我们试图分析在整个大流行期间COVID-19试验领导中的性别差异，这是从作者的名字开始假设的。只有男性或女性的概率大于0.8的名字才被包括在内。此外，我们调查了试验领导者的性别与试验参与者的性别和试验干预类型之间的关系。2022年8月1日，我们在ClinicalTrials上发现了自2020年1月1日以来针对COVID-19的11 281项独特的美国试验，以及自2015年1月1日以来针对四种比较疾病的试验。与Cevik及其同事类似，我们纳入了两种非传染性疾病：乳腺癌和2型糖尿病。我们亦包括一种传染性呼吸道疾病类别（例如，非COVID呼吸道疾病）及一种非呼吸道传染性疾病（即，HIV）。在2020年1月1日至2022年8月1日期间，8058份与COVID-19相关的研究记录被发布到ClinicalTrials。2443项试验在多个国家（如巴西或阿富汗）开展。我们的分析仅限于美国的试验，以清楚地描述一个地区的趋势。使用经过验证的机器学习工具从研究者的名字中概率性地推断性别。1-4我们排除了3131项没有列出人类研究者的试验和650项无法确定性别的试验（置信度得分<0.8）。2对于剩余的7500项试验，我们分析了7490名主要研究者、528名研究主席和842名研究负责人的性别（附录第12页）。119项试验对应于多种疾病，因此这些试验的领导者被多次计算;有10项COVID-19试验与非呼吸道疾病相关。两组比较采用Yates' χ2检验，两组以上比较采用Kruskal-Wallis秩和检验。我们使用线性回归来评估女性领导力，试验参与者的性别和试验干预类型之间的关联。
The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected the careers of women, including those in academia and research. In June, 2020, only 430 (27· 8%) of 1548 COVID-19 clinical trials were led by female principal investigators and in August, 2020, only 28· 0% of first authors in COVID-19 manuscripts were women. 1, 2 We sought to analyse disparities in gender, which was assumed from author’s first name, in COVID-19 trial leadership throughout the pandemic. Only names with a probability of more than 0· 8 of being either male or female were included. Furthermore, we investigated how the gender of trial leaders is associated with the gender of trial participants and trial intervention type. On Aug 1, 2022, we identified 11 281 unique US trials for COVID-19 since Jan 1, 2020, and for four comparison diseases since Jan 1, 2015, on ClinicalTrials. gov. Similar to Cevik and colleagues, 1 we included two non-communicable diseases: breast cancer and type 2 diabetes. We also included one communicable respiratory disease category (eg, non-COVID respiratory diseases) and one non-respiratory communicable disease (ie, HIV). Between Jan 1, 2020, and Aug 1, 2022, 8058 COVID-19-related study records were published to ClinicalTrials. gov; 2443 trials had sites in multiple countries, such as Brazil or Afghanistan. We restricted our analysis to US trials to clearly describe trends in one region. A validated machine learning tool was used to probabilistically infer gender from the first names of investigators. 1–4 We excluded 3131 trials with no human investigator listed and 650 trials for which gender could not be confidently ascertained (confidence score< 0· 8). 2 For the remaining 7500 trials, we analysed the genders of 7490 principal investigators, 528 study chairs, and 842 study directors (appendix p 12). 119 trials corresponded to multiple diseases so leaders from these trials were counted multiple times; there were 10 COVID-19 trials associated with the non-respiratory disease com parators. We used Yates’ χ2 test to compare two groups and the Kruskal–Wallis rank sum test to compare more than two groups. We used linear regression to assess the association between female leadership, the gender of trial participants, and trial intervention type.