Improving eating quality and carotenoid content of squash.
Improving eating quality and carotenoid content of squash.
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提高南瓜的食用品质和类胡萝卜素含量。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Pitrat
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Noseworthy;B. Loy;M. Pitrat
The fruit of most cultigens of Cucurbita maxima and C. moschata squash are high in carotenoids, especially B-carotene and lutein, both of which are important nutritionally. However, there have been no systematic studies to quantify the amount and types of carotenoids in fruit tissues of breeding germplasm and popular cultivars. In the summer of 2007, seven inbred lines of C. maxima and two op cultivars and five inbred lines of C. moschata were grown in replicated plots at research farms in Durham and Madbury, New Hampshire (USA). Data were recorded at harvest and after 30 and 60 days of storage at 15C on % mesocarp dry weight (DW) and soluble solids (SS), both major attributes for determining acceptable eating quality. A visual estimation of carotenoid content was made using a Roche egg yolk color fan, with color hues numbered one (light yellow) to 15 (dark orange). At harvest, 49 to 57 days after pollination (DAP), mean mesocarp DW varied from 25.5 to 37 % and SS from 9.3 to 10.8 % among the seven C. maxima breeding lines. After storage for 30 d, four of the seven lines had SS levels above 11 %, deemed acceptable for good eating quality. In five lines with green rind, Roche color fan carotenoid values varied from 7 to 9 (medium yellow), while two lines with orange rind showed yellow-orange hues (11 to 12). After 30 d of storage all lines showed color values of 11 to 11.5, and color remained fairly stable up to 60 d of storage. In C. moschata cultigens, mean DW at harvest ranged between 20 and 24.3 % for all but one cultigen having low dry matter (16.8 %). Average SS was low, 7.0 to 8.7 % among all cultigens. Even after 60 d of storage, SS values were only above 11 % for three of the seven cultigens. At harvest Roche color values were 9 or lower for all but one cultigen. For most cultigens, color values increased progressively during 30 and 60 d of storage, and after 60 days all cultigens displayed a color value of 11 or greater. INTRODUCTION There are three major species of squash that are grown worldwide for their mature, edible fruit – Cucurbita pepo, C. maxima, and C. moschata. The species C. moschata includes tropical cultigens, round, oval and long-neck pumpkins grown in parts of North America for processing, and popular dumbbell-shaped butternut varieties, highly regarded for excellent shelf life. Within the species C. maxima, the most widely grown cultigens in North America include the humongous show pumpkins, large Golden Delicious-type processing squash, and the green to gray, 1 to 2 kg buttercup/kabocha varieties, the latter esteemed for their exceptional eating Cucurbitaceae 2008, Proceedings of the IX EUCARPIA meeting on genetics and breeding of Cucurbitaceae (Pitrat M, ed), INRA, Avignon (France), May 21-24, 2008
