Acute effects of Advance™:: a potential reduced exposure product for smokers
Acute effects of Advance™:: a potential reduced exposure product for smokers
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DOI：
10.1136/tc.11.4.376
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发表时间：
2002-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Eissenberg, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Breland, AB;Evans, SE;Eissenberg, T
目的：为研究Advance（TM）潜在减少暴露产品（PREP）对吸烟者的急性效应，该产品作为一种减少暴露于有毒气体和烟草特有的亚硝胺的手段而销售，设计，设置，参与者：拉丁方排序，三种条件，实验室为基础，交叉设计，20名吸烟者吸轻或超轻香烟（15支或更多支/天）。在每2.5小时的条件下，参与者完成了8口吸烟回合，从他们自己的品牌，先进（TM），或一个未点燃的香烟（即假吸烟）每30分钟一次，共四次。主要结果测量：受试者对烟草/尼古丁戒断的评定测量;一氧化碳（CO）和心率;血浆尼古丁浓度。相对于自己的品牌，先进（TM）产生类似的戒断抑制和心率增加，较低的CO升压，和较高的血浆尼古丁concentration.Conclusions：PREPs吸烟者需要进行评估，使用一个全面的战略，包括经验I检查的急性和长期的影响。适当的戒断抑制和与Advance（TM）使用相关的潜在较低浓度的CO是积极因素，尽管较高的尼古丁浓度并不构成“减少暴露”。总的来说，更长的暴露时间是必要的，以确定致癌物的交付。I PREP评估是复杂的，应该客观地完成。
Objective: To examine the acute effects of Advance(TM) potential reduced exposure product (PREP) for smokers marketed as a means to reduce exposure to toxic gases and tobacco specific nitrosamines.Design, setting, participants: Latin square ordered, three condition, laboratory based, crossover design with 20 smokers of light or ultra-light cigarettes (15 or more cigarettes/day). In each 2.5 hour condition, participants completed an 8-puff smoking bout from their own brand, Advance(TM), or an unlit cigarette (that is, sham smoking) every 30 minutes for a total of four bouts.Main outcome measures: Subject rated measures of tobacco/nicotine withdrawal; carbon monoxide (CO), and heart rate; plasma nicotine concentrations.Results: Relative to own brand, Advance(TM) produced similar withdrawal suppression and heart rate increase, lower CO boost, and higher plasma nicotine concentrations.Conclusions: PREPs for smokers need to be evaluated using a comprehensive strategy that includes empirical I examination of acute and long term effects. Adequate withdrawal suppression and potentially lower concentrations of CO associated with Advance(TM) use are positive factors, although higher nicotine concentrations do not constitute "reduced exposure". Overall, longer exposure periods are necessary to determine carcinogen delivery. I PREP evaluation is complex and should be completed objectively.