Determining Electric Fields in Thunderclouds With the Radiotelescope LOFAR

Determining Electric Fields in Thunderclouds With the Radiotelescope LOFAR
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使用射电望远镜 LOFAR 确定雷云中的电场

DOI:
10.1029/2019jd031433
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Falcke, H.
Falcke, H.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Trinh, T. N.;Scholten, O.;Buitink, S.;Ebert, U.;Hare, B. M.;Krehbiel, P. R.;Leijnse, H.;Bonardi, A.;Corstanje, A.;Falcke, H.

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利用最近提出的一种基于测量雷暴条件下大范围空气簇射事件的无线电发射的方法,对雷暴云中的电场进行了分析。这种方法可以看作是利用宇宙射线作为探测器的雷暴云层析成像。数据涵盖2011年12月至2014年8月期间。我们开发了一种改进的拟合程序,以便能够分析数据。我们的测量显示了在−10°等温线附近的主要负电荷层的证据。我们已经看到了冬季和夏季的云,其中多个事件通过同一个云,电场的垂直分量也可以重建。在测量一些宇宙射线事件显示强场的证据的当天,在100公里范围内没有检测到闪电活动。在冬季,最高高度在5至6公里之间,而在夏季,典型的最高高度为9公里。大的水平分量超过70 kV/m的电场中观察到的中间层和顶层。
An analysis is presented of electric fields in thunderclouds using a recently proposed method based on measuring radio emission from extensive air shower events during thunderstorm conditions. This method can be regarded as a tomography of thunderclouds using cosmic rays as probes. The data cover the period from December 2011 till August 2014. We have developed an improved fitting procedure to be able to analyze the data. Our measurements show evidence for the main negative‐charge layer near the −10° isotherm. This we have seen for a winter as well as for a summer cloud where multiple events pass through the same cloud and also the vertical component of the electric field could be reconstructed. On the day of measurement of some cosmic‐ray events showing evidence for strong fields, no lightning activity was detected within 100 km distance. For the winter events, the top heights were between 5 and 6 km, while in the summer, typical top heights of 9 km were seen. Large horizontal components in excess of 70 kV/m of the electric fields are observed in the middle and top layers.
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