The role of inhibitory processes in young children's difficulties with deception and false belief
The role of inhibitory processes in young children's difficulties with deception and false belief
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DOI：
10.2307/1132197
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发表时间：
1998-06-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Hix, HR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carlson, SM;Moses, LJ;Hix, HR
这项研究考察了儿童在欺骗和错误信念方面的困难是否源于缺乏抑制控制，而不是源于概念缺陷。在3项研究中，3岁儿童在相对较低的抑制控制条件下（例如，误导性的图片线索或箭头）经常欺骗，但在高抑制控制条件下（欺骗性的指指）却没有这样做。研究2排除了这些发现是由于社会恐吓造成的：在匿名和公开的条件下，孩子们同样成功地使用箭来欺骗。研究3表明，在控制良好的条件下，儿童在欺骗性条件下对错误信念的理解并不比非欺骗性条件下更多。这些研究的结果表明，儿童的欺骗能力可能比一些早期的研究表明的更强，他们在欺骗性指向任务中困难的根源在于抑制控制的失败。更普遍的是，有人认为儿童在错误信念任务中的表现也可能受到抑制缺陷的影响。
This research examines whether children's difficulties with deception and false belief arise from a lack of inhibitory control rather than from a conceptual deficit. In 3 studies, 3-year-olds deceived frequently under conditions requiring relatively low inhibitory control (e.g., misleading pictorial cues or arrows) but failed to do so under conditions of high inhibitory control (deceptive pointing). Study 2 ruled out that the findings were due to social intimidation: Children were equally successful using an arrow to deceive under anonymous and public conditions. Study 3 indicated that, under well-controlled conditions, children did not reveal greater understanding of false belief in deceptive than nondeceptive conditions. The results of these studies suggest that children may have,greater deceptive abilities than some earlier studies indicated, and that the source of their difficulty on deceptive pointing tasks lies in a failure of inhibitory control. More generally, it is argued that children's performance on false belief tasks is also likely to be affected by inhibition deficits.