Interplay of water quality and vegetation in restored wetland plant assemblages from an agricultural landscape
Interplay of water quality and vegetation in restored wetland plant assemblages from an agricultural landscape
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.08.034
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发表时间：
2017-11-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
DiOrio, Evelyn W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shoemaker, Cory M.;Ervin, Gary N.;DiOrio, Evelyn W.
过度使用化肥和径流导致的水质恶化是一个世界性问题。虽然这种退化会影响湿地，但这些系统也可以成为改善水质的工具。最近，农业景观中湿地的恢复有所增加，但很少有工作评估恢复的未经处理的湿地中植物组合与水质参数的关系。本研究探讨了自行设计的湿地植物组合对氮和沉积物动态的影响。三十个中生态系统被种植了来自恢复的湿地的土壤，并允许从种子库发展为新兴的组合。在 2015 年的生长季节（建立后七至九个月），这些组合暴露于氮和沉积物的处理负荷下，这是农业景观中湿地的常见压力源。七月和九月，在处理后五天内采集了水样，以量化应激源和植物群落之间的相互作用。分析表明，植物组合的识别不是由处理方式决定的，而是由土壤起源地决定的。处理去除率受到存在的应激源总量的影响，相对而言，低氮修正处理中的氮去除率较高。此外，植物质量而不是数量与氮和沉积物损失率相关，随着时间的推移，氮和沉积物负荷的升高与植物组合质量的下降相关。这项研究证明了恢复湿地的植物影响养分和沉积物动态的能力，三种显着不同的植物组合都表现出巨大的养分和沉积物减少能力。然而，我们还发现，在相对较短的时间内（七至九个月）农业环境中的常见压力源可以显着影响湿地植物组合质量，这可能与养分和沉积物去除能力降低有关。
Water quality degradation from excessive fertilizer use and runoff is a worldwide problem. While this degradation impacts wetlands, these systems can also be a vehicle for water quality improvement. Restoration of wetlands in agricultural landscapes has recently increased, but little work has evaluated the relationship of plant assemblages and water quality parameters in restored, non-treatment wetlands. This study examines the impact of self-designed wetland plant assemblages on nitrogen and sediment dynamics. Thirty mesocosms were seeded with soil from restored wetlands and allowed to develop from the seed bank to emergent assemblages. During the 2015 growing season (seven to nine months after establishment), these assemblages were exposed to treatment loads of nitrogen and sediment, common stressors to wetlands in agricultural landscapes. Water samples were taken up to five days post-treatment in July and September to quantify interactions between the stressors and plant assemblages. Analyses showed plant assemblage identify was not structured by treatment, but by the site of soil origin. Treatment removal rates were influenced by total amount of the stressor present, with nitrogen removal rates being higher, in relative terms, in low nitrogen amended treatments. Additionally, plant quality, not quantity, was linked to nitrogen and sediment loss rates, and over time, elevated nitrogen and sediment loads were associated with decreased plant assemblage quality. This study demonstrates the ability of plants from restored wetlands to affect nutrient and sediment dynamics, with three significantly differing plant assemblages all exhibiting substantial nutrient and sediment reduction capacity. Nevertheless, we also found that in a relatively short time (seven to nine months) common stressors in agricultural settings can significantly impact wetland plant assemblage quality, and that this may be linked to a reduced capacity for nutrient and sediment removal.