Supply risks of lithium-ion battery materials: An entire supply chain estimation
Supply risks of lithium-ion battery materials: An entire supply chain estimation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.mtener.2019.100347
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发表时间：
2019-12
影响因子：
9.3
通讯作者：
Xin Sun;Han Hao;P. Hartmann;Zongwei Liu;F. Zhao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xin Sun;Han Hao;P. Hartmann;Zongwei Liu;F. Zhao
锂离子电池作为全球能源转型的关键技术，需要多种金属资源的共同支撑以及随之而来的复杂的供应链。这些资源供应中断的风险已得到广泛观察和衡量。然而，以往研究的系统边界通常仅限于矿山阶段。下游加工阶段固有的可能供应风险没有得到充分考虑。为了填补这一空白，我们将供应风险的概念推广到整个供应链，以描述锂离子电池稳定消费所面临的综合威胁。基于这样的理念，本研究评估了锂离子电池相关材料在整个供应链的采矿、精炼和制造三个主要阶段的风险。结果表明，锂和钴是锂离子电池行业最关键的材料。镍、锰下游隐藏的风险也不容忽视。我们进一步认为，对于供应链复杂的重要能源材料，应在整个供应链中全面识别和防范风险。这些工作需要进一步的数据库建立和分析。
Lithium-ion batteries, as the essential technology for global energy transition, require the combined support of several metallic resources and the complicated supply chains that follow. The risk of supply disruptions to these resources has been widely observed and measured. However, system boundaries of previous studies were conventionally limited to the mine stage. Possible supply risks inherent in the downstream processing stages were not adequately taken into account. To fill this gap, we generalize the idea of supply risk to the whole supply chain to describe the comprehensive threats for the steady consumption of lithium-ion batteries. Based on such concept, this study assesses the risks of the lithium-ion battery related materials in the three major stages of the entire supply chain: mining, refining and manufacturing. Results indicate that lithium and cobalt are the most critical materials for lithium-ion battery industry. Risks hidden in the downstream stages of nickel and manganese should also not be overlooked. We further argue that for important energy-related materials with complicated supply chains, the risks should be identified and safeguarded comprehensively throughout the entire supply chain. Such work calls for further database establishment and analysis.