Influenza Virus Infections in Polarized Cells.

Influenza Virus Infections in Polarized Cells.
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DOI:
10.3390/v14061307
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发表时间:
2022-06-15
期刊:
Viruses
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
其他
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在人类和其他哺乳动物中,呼吸道由极化上皮细胞的复杂网络表示,形成面向外部环境的顶面和附着于基底层的底面。这些细胞的特征在于在流感病毒感染期间作为受体的蛋白质和聚糖的差异表达。这些宿主受体与病毒表面糖蛋白血凝素(HA)之间的附着启动流感病毒生命周期。然而,病毒受体结合特异性可能不是静态的。唾液酸化N-聚糖是最充分表征的受体,但对于流感病毒的进入不是必需的,并且其他分子,如O-聚糖和非唾液酸化聚糖,可能参与病毒-细胞附着。此外,正确的细胞极性和分子的定向运输对于系统的有序发展至关重要,并影响成功的流感感染;另一方面,流感感染也可以改变细胞极性。在这里,我们回顾了最近的进展,我们的理解流感病毒感染的人类和其他哺乳动物的呼吸道,特别是病毒和极性细胞的表面之间的附着和极性变化,这些细胞由于病毒感染。
In humans and other mammals, the respiratory tract is represented by a complex network of polarized epithelial cells, forming an apical surface facing the external environment and a basal surface attached to the basement layer. These cells are characterized by differential expression of proteins and glycans, which serve as receptors during influenza virus infection. Attachment between these host receptors and the viral surface glycoprotein hemagglutinin (HA) initiates the influenza virus life cycle. However, the virus receptor binding specificities may not be static. Sialylated N-glycans are the most well-characterized receptors but are not essential for the entry of influenza viruses, and other molecules, such as O-glycans and non-sialylated glycans, may be involved in virus-cell attachment. Furthermore, correct cell polarity and directional trafficking of molecules are essential for the orderly development of the system and affect successful influenza infection; on the other hand, influenza infection can also change cell polarity. Here we review recent advances in our understanding of influenza virus infection in the respiratory tract of humans and other mammals, particularly the attachment between the virus and the surface of the polar cells and the polarity variation of these cells due to virus infection.
流感A的解剖病毒内吞途径揭示了大型细胞增多症作为替代入口途径。
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