Drivers Of Burned Area Patterns In Cerrado: The Case Of Matopiba Region
Drivers Of Burned Area Patterns In Cerrado: The Case Of Matopiba Region
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塞拉多烧毁区域模式的驱动因素：马托皮巴地区的案例
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发表时间：
2020
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通讯作者：
R. Libonati
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作者：
P. Silva;J. A. Rodrigues;F. L. Santos;A. A. Pereira;J. Nogueira;C. DaCamara;R. Libonati
巴西稀树草原（塞拉多）是世界上最重要的生物多样性热点之一。作为一个依赖于火的生物群落，其结构和植被动态是由自然发生的火灾制度塑造和依赖。在过去的几十年里，塞拉多越来越受到土地覆被加速变化的威胁，即不受控制地大量使用火来扩大土地。这一点在塞拉多东北部的巴西新农业前沿：马托皮巴地区尤为明显。由于这种快速扩张而导致的马托皮巴火山火况的变化仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们使用卫星衍生的数据集来分析在过去18年中，在小区域一级在马托皮巴烧毁面积的模式。我们进一步评估了气候和土地利用在空间和时间上的变化，并评估了它们在过去二十年的趋势。结果表明，在过去几年中，马托皮巴对塞拉多总烧毁面积的贡献有所增加：马拉尼昂和托坎廷斯的总烧毁面积最高，在研究期间，一些小区域的烧毁面积超过其面积的两倍。气候显示发挥了相关的作用，在马托皮巴的火灾活动，解释52%的年际变化，而土地利用和烧毁面积被发现有更复杂的相互作用，高度依赖于区域背景。最后，气候和土地利用的驱动程序被发现有一个整体的增长趋势，在过去的二十年，而烧毁面积的趋势显示出很大的异质性在马托皮巴。
The Brazilian savanna (Cerrado) is one of the most important biodiversity hotspots in the world. Being a fire-dependent biome, its structure and vegetation dynamics are shaped by and rely on the natural occurring fire regime. Over the last decades, Cerrado has been increasingly threatened by accelerated land cover changes, namely the uncontrolled and intense use of fire for land expansion. This is particularly seen in Brazil’s new agricultural frontier in northeastern Cerrado: the MATOPIBA region. Changes in MATOPIBA’s fire regime resulting from this rapid expansion are still poorly understood. Here we use satellite-derived datasets to analyze burned area patterns in MATOPIBA over the last 18 years, at the microregions level. We further evaluate the role of climate and land use in spatial and temporal burned area variability and assess their trends in the last two decades. Results show an increased contribution of MATOPIBA to Cerrado’s total burned area over the last few years: Maranhão and Tocantins present the highest values of total burned area with some microregions burning more than twice its area over the study period. Climate is shown to play a relevant role in MATOPIBA’s fire activity, explaining 52% of the interannual variance, whereas land use and burned area were found to have more complex interactions that are highly dependent on the regional context. Lastly, climate and land use drivers are found to have an overall increasing trend over the last two decades, whereas burned area trends show much heterogeneity within MATOPIBA.