Are fungal networks key to dryland primary production?
Are fungal networks key to dryland primary production?
复制标题
真菌网络是旱地初级生产的关键吗？
DOI：
10.1002/ajb2.1184
复制
发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rudgers, Jennifer A.;Dettweiler-Robinson, Eva;Belnap, Jayne;Green, Laura E.;Sinsabaugh, Robert L.;Young, Kristina E.;Cort, Catherine E.;Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony
在低资源生态系统中，初级生产者之间的竞争可以通过在空间或时间上对有限资源的划分来减少。通过将资源保留在生物“循环”内，并减缓侵蚀、气体损失或淋滤等物理过程造成的损失，分区与物种相互作用相结合，可以成为生态系统稳定的一个来源。这种耦合发生在海洋食物网（微生物环）中，微生物之间的积极相互作用限制了营养物质的损失，否则这些营养物质会落到海底（Fenchel, 2008）。同样，热带雨林中的菌根真菌可以迅速将凋落物的营养物质循环回树冠树木，从而防止高降雨量导致的淋失（Hattenschwiler等，2011）。这种动态不同于大多数mesic陆地生态系统的范式，其中初级生产的主要营养来源是土壤有机质的分解（Coleman, 1994； Schimel和Bennett， 2004）。因此，在缺乏大量土壤有机质储备的生态系统中（例如，干旱地区，那里稀疏的凋落物产生的土壤有机质很少），营养物质的生物保留可能对初级生产和生态系统动态特别重要。真菌环假说提出，干旱地区的微生物网络将氮限制植物与固氮生物土壤结皮（生物结皮）联系起来，将资源动态耦合起来，否则这些动态将在空间或时间上断开（Collins et al., 2008）。产生大量有机物的旱地植物，
In low-resource ecosystems, competition among primary producers can be reduced through the partitioning of limiting resources in space or time. Partitioning, coupled with species interactions, can be a source of ecosystem stability by retaining resources within a biotic “loop” and slowing losses due to physical processes, such as erosion, gaseous loss, or leaching. Such coupling occurs in marine food webs (the microbial loop), where positive interactions among microbes limit losses of nutrients that would otherwise drop to the ocean floor (Fenchel, 2008). Likewise, mycorrhizal fungi in tropical rainforests may rapidly recycle litter nutrients back to canopy trees, preventing leaching driven by high rainfall (Hattenschwiler et al., 2011). Such dynamics differ from the paradigm for most mesic, terrestrial ecosystems, in which the main source of nutrients for primary production is the decomposition of soil organic matter (Coleman, 1994; Schimel and Bennett, 2004). Thus, in ecosystems that lack large reserves of soil organic matter (eg, drylands, where sparse litter yields low soil organic matter), biotic retention of nutrients may be particularly critical to primary production and ecosystem dynamics.The fungal loop hypothesis proposes that microbial networks in drylands link nitrogen-limited plants with nitrogen-fixing biological soil crusts (biocrusts), coupling resource dynamics that would otherwise be disconnected in space or time (Collins et al., 2008). Dryland plants, which produce the bulk of organic matter,
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Lindahl, BO;Taylor, AFS;Finlay, RD
通讯作者：
Finlay, RD