What is the role of empirical research in bioethical reflection and decision-making? An ethical analysis.
What is the role of empirical research in bioethical reflection and decision-making? An ethical analysis.
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DOI：
10.1023/b:mhep.0000021844.57115.9d
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Dierickx, Kris
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Borry, Pascal;Schotsmans, Paul;Dierickx, Kris
生命伦理学领域越来越多地接触到实证研究成果。在这篇文章中，我们询问实证研究在伦理澄清和决策过程中可以发挥什么作用。伦理反思几乎总是要经过三个步骤：道德问题的描述、道德问题的评估和决策的评估。实证研究可以对这一过程的每一步做出贡献。在对道德对象的描述中，首先，实证研究在描述与道德相关的事实方面发挥了作用。它在回答“揭示现实的问题”(什么、为什么、如何、谁、何地和何时)、评估后果和提出替代行动方针方面发挥作用。其次，实证研究对道德问题的评估起到了一定的作用。必须承认，研究具有“事实的规范性力量”，这种力量也可以通过压制其他规范而成为规范性的。然而，归纳规范性应该总是被一种演绎形式的规范性所抵消。第三，实证研究在评估决策过程中也发挥了作用。它可以通过指出某些意想不到的后果或效果的发生来排除某些道德选择。然而，作为生物伦理学的社会学，它也是有用的，其中生物伦理学本身就是一个研究对象。
The field of bioethics is increasingly coming into contact with empirical research findings. In this article, we ask what role empirical research can play in the process of ethical clarification and decision-making. Ethical reflection almost always proceeds in three steps: the description of the moral question, the assessment of the moral question and the evaluation of the decision-making. Empirical research can contribute to each step of this process. In the description of the moral object, first of all, empirical research has a role to play in the description of morally relevant facts. It plays a role in answering the "reality-revealing questions" (what, why, how, who, where and when), in assessing the consequences and in proposing alternative courses of action. Secondly, empirical research plays a role in assessing the moral question. It must be acknowledged that research possesses "the normative power of the factual," which can also become normative by suppressing other norms. However, inductive normativity should always be balanced out by a deductive form of normativity. Thirdly, empirical research also has a role to play in evaluating the decision-making process. It can rule out certain moral choices by pointing out the occurrence of certain unexpected consequences or effects. It can also be useful, however, as a sociology of bioethics in which the discipline of bioethics itself becomes an object of research.