Spike Fertility and Duration of Stem Elongation as Promising Traits to Improve Potential Grain Number (and Yield): Variation in Modern Argentinean Wheats
Spike Fertility and Duration of Stem Elongation as Promising Traits to Improve Potential Grain Number (and Yield): Variation in Modern Argentinean Wheats
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DOI：
10.2135/cropsci2010.08.0447
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发表时间：
2011-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Falcon, M. O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gonzalez, F. G.;Terrile, I. I.;Falcon, M. O.
确定决定现代品种籽粒数（和产量）的生理性状，以及它们之间可能的权衡，可能有助于发现有希望的性状，以提高产量潜力。以阿根廷高产小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）为研究对象，在两个季节的灌溉和高投入条件下，研究了收获时秸秆生物量（SH）和收获指数（HI）对产量和粒数（-2）（GN）的影响；（ii）花时穗干重（SDWa; g(-2)）和穗肥力指数（SFI；每克穗糠或非穗生物量的粒数）。茎伸长期的持续时间（SEP；开花前可检测到的第一个节点）被分析为增加SDWa的替代方法。在这两年中，HI与品种间的产量差异高度相关，与茎高无关。不同品种间SH值无显著差异（P < 0.05）。GN决定了品种间的产量差异，并与SFI和SDWa在年份和周期上高度相关。一些花期相同的品种的SEP持续时间在年份之间表现出稳定的变化（尽管观察到年份与品种之间的相互作用）。由于SFI与SEP持续时间无关，因此似乎有希望通过增加SEP持续时间（可能产生更高的SWDa）来增加高SFI品种的GN，反之亦然。
The identification of physiological traits that determine grain number (and yield) in modern cultivars, and the possible tradeoffs among them, may help to detect promising traits for breeding to increase yield potential. High-yielding Argentinean wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars were grown under irrigated and high-input conditions during two seasons to study (i) yield and grain number m(-2) (GN) as a result of stover biomass at harvest (SH) and harvest index (HI); and (ii) spike dry weight at anthesis (SDWa; g m(-2)) and spike fertility index (SFI; grain number per gram of spike chaff or non-grain spike biomass). Duration of the stem elongation phase (SEP; first node detectable to anthesis) was analyzed as an alternative to increase SDWa. The HI was highly associated with yield differences between cultivars for both years, independently of stem height. In contrast, SH did not vary among cultivars in either season (P > 0.05). The GN determined yield differences between cultivars and was highly associated with SFI and SDWa for both years and cycles. Some cultivars with the same anthesis date showed stable variation for duration of the SEP between years (despite the year x cultivar interaction observed). As the SFI and duration of the SEP were not related, it seems promising to increase GN in a cultivar with high SFI through an increased duration of the SEP (which may yield higher SWDa) or vice versa.