Vitally important – does early innate immunity predict recruitment and adult innate immunity?
Vitally important – does early innate immunity predict recruitment and adult innate immunity?
复制标题
至关重要的是——早期先天免疫是否可以预测招募和成年先天免疫？
作者：
Anke Vermeulen;W. Müller;M. Eens
免疫系统是最重要的适应性之一，它已经进化到保护动物免受他们从生命早期开始遇到的各种病原体的侵害。在早期发育阶段，先天免疫尤其如此，因为免疫系统的其他组成部分尚未发育完全。但先天免疫可能不仅对生命早期的生存至关重要，而且可能具有长期的影响，例如，如果生命早期免疫反映了整个免疫系统的功能。因此，我们研究了四个固有免疫参数（天然抗体、补体活性、触珠蛋白浓度和一氧化氮浓度）在自由生活的巨山雀招募中的重要性。我们比较了新兵的雏鸟免疫与未招募的兄弟姐妹的雏鸟免疫。我们还调查了这些招募个体的先天免疫参数的个体一致性，这可能被视为免疫能力的衡量标准。根据之前的研究，我们发现跗骨长度和体重趋势对招募的可能性有明显的影响。然而，我们没有发现证据表明雏鸟较高水平的本构性先天免疫有助于局部招募。此外，个体的先天免疫在整个生命阶段并不一致，也就是说，雏鸟的免疫参数不能决定或分别反映成人的先天免疫参数。先天免疫成分的这种可塑性可能解释了为什么我们没有发现持久的生存益处。
Abstract The immune system is one of the most important adaptations that has evolved to protect animals from a wide range of pathogens they encounter from early life onwards. During the early developmental period this is particularly true for the innate immunity, as other components of the immune system are, as yet, poorly developed. But innate immunity may not only be crucial for early life survival, but may also have long‐lasting effects, for example if early life immunity reflects the functioning of the immune system as a whole. For this reason, we investigated the importance of four constitutive innate immune parameters (natural antibodies, complement activity, concentrations of haptoglobin, and concentrations of nitric oxide) for recruitment in free‐living great tits. We compared nestling immunity of recruits with nestling immunity of their nonrecruited siblings. We also investigated within individual consistency of these innate immune parameters for those individuals that recruited, which may be taken as a measure of immune capacity. In accordance with previous studies, we found a clear effect of tarsus length and a trend for body mass on the likelihood to recruit. Nevertheless, we found no evidence that higher levels of constitutive innate immunity as a nestling facilitated local recruitment. Furthermore, individual innate immunity was not consistent across life stages, that is to say, nestling immune parameters did not determine, or respectively, reflect adult innate immune parameters. This plasticity in innate immune components may explain why we did not find long‐lasting survival benefits.