Nosogogy: When the learner is a patient with chronic renal failure
Nosogogy: When the learner is a patient with chronic renal failure
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.ki.5001928
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发表时间：
2006-11-01
影响因子：
19.6
通讯作者：
Paris, V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ballerini, L.;Paris, V.
患者教育方法目前来自生物医学的“急性”模型，其特征是由我们的专业干预导致的健康，疾病和恢复的顺序。不幸的是，这个模型被证明是完全不适用于慢性疾病，如肾衰竭。我们的患者从未完全恢复健康，即使经过许多最先进的治疗，在我们的护理下仍可能继续恶化。解决方案是代表在获得一个新的专业身份，从“生物医学”急性模型转移到“生物心理社会教育模型”。在这种模式下，透析前的治疗教育方法已被证明可以为肾病患者提供短期和长期的积极结果。儿童和成人的学习过程之间存在巨大差异，我们已经描述了两种不同的科学。“教育学”涉及儿童学习，“成人学”涉及成人学习。然而，当学习者是一个患有慢性疾病的患者时，我们认为必须考虑到新的因素。我们建议创造一种新的科学，并称之为“Nosogogy”，来自古希腊语“vo sigma o sigma”，意思是“疾病”。疾病学可以定义为一门教授受慢性疾病影响的成年人的科学。新的教育者是一个深入参与肾脏护理的人，他知道并理解肾脏患者中出现的特征冲突和动态，并拥有足够的沟通技巧来处理他。根据我们的经验，我们更喜欢由在该领域有丰富经验的肾病学家和护士举办教育会议。
Patient education approaches are currently derived from a biomedical 'acute' model characterized by the sequence of health, disease, and recovery resulting from our professional intervention. Unfortunately, this model proves to be totally inadequate when applied to a chronic disease such as kidney failure. Our patients never fully regain their health and may continue to worsen under our care, even after many state-of-the-art treatments. The solution is represented in acquiring a new professional identity, shifting from the 'biomedical' acute model to a 'bio-psycho-social-educational model'. Within this model, a Therapeutic Education approach in predialysis has been proven to provide both short- and long-term positive results for renal patients. There is a tremendous difference between the learning processes in children and adults and two different sciences have already been described. 'Pedagogy' deals with child learning and 'Andragogy' with adult learning. Nevertheless, when the learner is a patient with a chronic disease, we believe that new considerations must be taken into account. We propose to create a novel science and to call it 'Nosogogy', derived from the ancient Greek word 'vo sigma o sigma', meaning 'disease'. Nosogogy could be defined as the science of teaching adults affected by chronic disease. The new educator is someone deeply involved in renal care who knows and understands the characteristic conflicts and dynamics that arise in the renal patient, and possesses adequate communication skills to deal with him. In our experience, we prefer to have educational sessions run by nephrologists and nurses who have great experience in the field.