Temporal variability is a personalized feature of the human microbiome
Temporal variability is a personalized feature of the human microbiome
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DOI：
10.1186/s13059-014-0531-y
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
12.3
通讯作者：
Fierer, Noah
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Flores, Gilberto E.;Caporaso, J. Gregory;Fierer, Noah
背景：现在很明显，人体上和体内发现的复杂微生物群落因个体不同而不同。以前的研究在很大程度上遗漏了对这些群体如何在个体内随时间变化的理解。就其被考虑的程度而言，人们通常认为，对于健康的成年人来说，时间变异性可以忽略不计。在这里，我们通过描绘85名成年人的额头、肠道(粪便)、手掌和舌头的微生物群落来解决这一认识上的差距，每周超过3个月。结果：我们发现皮肤(额头和手掌)存在的分类群数量变化最大，而肠道和舌头群落的相对丰度变化更大。在每个个体栖息地内，研究种群的时间变异性范围很大，一些个体比其他个体拥有更多可变的群落。微生物多样性是预测个体间差异的最佳预测因子；肠道或舌部群落多样性较少的个体在组成上更稳定。结论：对相对较大数量的个体进行纵向采样使我们能够在所研究的所有人体生境中观察到多样性和群落结构的高度时间变异性。这些发现表明，当试图将微生物组结构的变化与健康状况的变化联系起来时，可能需要考虑时间动力学。此外，我们的发现表明，不仅一个人的微生物群的组成高度个性化，而且他们的时间变异性程度也是一个个性化的特征。
Background: It is now apparent that the complex microbial communities found on and in the human body vary across individuals. What has largely been missing from previous studies is an understanding of how these communities vary over time within individuals. To the extent to which it has been considered, it is often assumed that temporal variability is negligible for healthy adults. Here we address this gap in understanding by profiling the forehead, gut (fecal), palm, and tongue microbial communities in 85 adults, weekly over 3 months.Results: We found that skin (forehead and palm) varied most in the number of taxa present, whereas gut and tongue communities varied more in the relative abundances of taxa. Within each body habitat, there was a wide range of temporal variability across the study population, with some individuals harboring more variable communities than others. The best predictor of these differences in variability across individuals was microbial diversity; individuals with more diverse gut or tongue communities were more stable in composition than individuals with less diverse communities.Conclusions: Longitudinal sampling of a relatively large number of individuals allowed us to observe high levels of temporal variability in both diversity and community structure in all body habitats studied. These findings suggest that temporal dynamics may need to be considered when attempting to link changes in microbiome structure to changes in health status. Furthermore, our findings show that, not only is the composition of an individual's microbiome highly personalized, but their degree of temporal variability is also a personalized feature.