[Pharmacokinetic basis of mannitol administration in the treatment of raised ICP].
[Pharmacokinetic basis of mannitol administration in the treatment of raised ICP].
复制标题
[甘露醇治疗ICP升高的药代动力学基础]。
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1991
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Ohwada
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Tanaka;Y. Yoshiyama;T. Kobayashi;F. Tomonaga;R. Kondo;H. Takagi;T. Ohwada
为探讨甘露醇治疗颅内压升高的最佳给药途径，本文分析了甘露醇在猫体内的药代动力学，并研究了甘露醇浓度、血清渗透压与颅内压变化的关系。分别配制10%、20%和30%甘露醇，以相同的体积和速度（0.667 ml/kg/min）静脉给药15 min。监测ICP的动态变化，并连续监测甘露醇浓度、血清渗透压和电解质。甘露醇浓度变化呈双指数曲线，符合二室模型。甘露醇浓度与外源性血清渗透压浓度呈强正相关（r = 0.9286）。甘露醇在猫中的处置与在犬和人中报告的处置相似。30%甘露醇组的分布半衰期更快，但所有组的消除半衰期相似。中央室（Cc）和外周室（Pc）之间甘露醇浓度差的积分值与甘露醇给药期间（15 min）ICP下降的变化呈高度相关。Cc和Pc之间甘露醇浓度差异消失的时间与达到最低ICP水平的时间呈强负相关。结果表明，甘露醇给药速度越快，两室之间的浓度差越快，有效渗透压越高，则可以获得更深刻和更持久的ICP降低。（250字处删节）
To study the most effective way of mannitol administration for the treatment of raised intracranial pressure (ICP), pharmacokinetics of mannitol were analysed, and the relationship among mannitol concentration, serum osmolality and changes of intracranial pressure (ICP) were examined in cats. 10%, 20% and 30% of mannitol were made and intravenously administrated with the same volume and speed (0.667 ml/kg/min) for 15 minutes to each mannitol concentration group of cats. Sequential changes of ICP were monitored and serial mannitol concentration, serum osmolality and electrolytes were then performed. Changes of mannitol concentration showed a biexponential curve and best fitted to the two-compartment model analysis. There was a strong positive correlation (r = 0.9286) between mannitol concentration and extrinsic serum osmolality. The disposition of mannitol in cats was similar to that which had been reported in dogs and humans. The distribution half-time was faster in 30% mannitol, but the elimination half-time was similar in all groups. The integrated values of mannitol concentration difference between the central (Cc) and the peripheral compartment (Pc) were greatly correlated with the changes of ICP reduction during mannitol administration (for 15min). The time to vanish the mannitol concentration difference between Cc and Pc showed strong reverse correlation with the time to reach the lowest ICP level. The result indicates that the more rapidly mannitol was administrated, the more rapidly the concentration difference between the two compartments was created, and, the higher the effective osmolality was developed, then, the more profound and prolonged ICP reduction can be obtained.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)