Underground Incrementally Deployed Magneto-Inductive 3-D Positioning Network
Underground Incrementally Deployed Magneto-Inductive 3-D Positioning Network
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DOI：
10.1109/tgrs.2016.2540722
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发表时间：
2016-08-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Trigoni, Niki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abrudan, Traian E.;Xiao, Zhuoling;Trigoni, Niki
地下矿井的特征在于交叉隧道和急转弯的网络，由于极端的多径、非视线传播和不良的锚几何形状，这种环境对于基于射频的定位系统特别具有挑战性。这种系统通常需要密集的设备网格来实现3D定位。此外，需要精确地测量每个锚节点的精确位置，这在地下环境中是特别具有挑战性的任务。磁感应（MI）定位，它提供了3-D的位置和方向，从一个单一的发射机和穿透厚层的土壤和岩石没有损失，是一个更有前途的方法，但到目前为止，只有在简单的点对点的情况下进行了研究。在本文中，我们开发了一种新的MI定位方法，以覆盖一个扩展的地下三维空间与未知的几何形状使用快速部署的锚网络。我们的方法的关键是，只有一个单一的锚的位置需要准确的调查，所有二级锚的位置是使用一个迭代的细化过程中使用从网络内的接收器获得的测量确定。这避免了在地下环境中精确测量所有发射器的位置的特别具有挑战性和时间密集的任务。我们还演示了如何从多个发射机获得的测量可以融合，以提高定位精度。我们验证了所提出的方法在一个人造洞穴，并表明，与便携式系统，花了5分钟的部署，我们能够提供准确的通过地球定位能力的节点放置沿着一套隧道。
Underground mines are characterized by a network of intersecting tunnels and sharp turns, an environment which is particularly challenging for radiofrequency based positioning systems due to extreme multipath, non-line-of-sight propagation, and poor anchor geometry. Such systems typically require a dense grid of devices to enable 3-D positioning. Moreover, the precise position of each anchor node needs to be precisely surveyed, a particularly challenging task in underground environments. Magneto-inductive (MI) positioning, which provides 3-D position and orientation from a single transmitter and penetrates thick layers of soil and rock without loss, is a more promising approach, but so far has only been investigated in simple point-to-point contexts. In this paper, we develop a novel MI positioning approach to cover an extended underground 3-D space with unknown geometry using a rapidly deployable anchor network. The key to our approach is that the position of only a single anchor needs to be accurately surveyed-the positions of all secondary anchors are determined using an iterative refinement process using measurements obtained from receivers within the network. This avoids the particularly challenging and time-intensive task in an underground environment of accurately surveying the positions of all of the transmitters. We also demonstrate how measurements obtained from multiple transmitters can be fused to improve localization accuracy. We validate the proposed approach in a man-made cave and show that, with a portable system that took 5 min to deploy, we were able to provide accurate through-the-earth location capability to nodes placed along a suite of tunnels.