PLAC1 (Placenta-specific 1): a novel, X-linked gene with roles in reproductive and cancer biology.
PLAC1 (Placenta-specific 1): a novel, X-linked gene with roles in reproductive and cancer biology.
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DOI：
10.1002/pd.2506
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发表时间：
2010-06
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Schlessinger D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fant M;Farina A;Nagaraja R;Schlessinger D
PLAC1是一个新近发现的X连锁基因，其表达主要局限于胚胎发育过程中滋养层细胞。PLAC1定位于被认为在胎盘发育中重要的X染色体区域，尽管其在该过程中的作用尚未确定。本文综述了我们目前对它的表达、调控和功能的认识。PLAC1在整个人类妊娠期间由分化的滋养层表达，并定位于合体滋养层的膜结构，包括微绒毛质膜表面。最近的研究表明，PLAC1也在多种人类癌症中表达。对PLAC1启动子区域的研究表明，它在正常胎盘和癌细胞中的表达是由涉及转录因子组合的特异性相互作用驱动的。虽然缺乏对正常滋养层中的PLAC1的功能了解，但初步研究表明，癌症来源的PLAC1具有促进肿瘤生长和功能的潜力。此外，它似乎还引起可能影响某些癌症患者生存的特异性免疫应答，这表明它可能为某些癌症的治疗提供治疗靶点。我们还讨论了PLAC1作为预测特定妊娠并发症（如先兆子痫）的生物标志物的潜在作用。
PLAC1 is a recently described X-linked gene with expression restricted primarily to cells derived from trophoblast lineage during embryonic development. PLAC1 localizes to a region of the X-chromosome thought to be important in placental development although its role in this process has not been defined. This review summarizes our current understanding of its expression, regulation, and function. PLAC1 is expressed throughout human pregnancy by the differentiated trophoblast and localizes to membranous structures in the syncytiotrophoblast, including the microvillous plasma membrane surface. Recent studies have demonstrated that PLAC1 is also expressed by a wide variety of human cancers. Studies of the PLAC1 promoter regions indicate that its expression in both normal placenta and cancer cells is driven by specific interactions involving a combination of transcription factors. While functional insight into PLAC1 in the normal trophoblast is lacking, preliminary studies suggest that cancer-derived PLAC1 has the potential to promote tumor growth and function. Additionally, it also appears to elicit a specific immunologic response that may influence survival in some cancer patients, suggesting that it may provide a therapeutic target for the treatment of some cancers. We also discuss a potential role for PLAC1 as a biomarker predictive of specific pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia.