Racial differences in cognitive decline in a sample of community-dwelling older adults - The mediating role of education and literacy
Racial differences in cognitive decline in a sample of community-dwelling older adults - The mediating role of education and literacy
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DOI：
10.1176/appi.ajgp.13.11.968
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发表时间：
2005-11-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Blazer, DG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sachs-Ericsson, N;Blazer, DG
目的：作者研究了认知能力下降（CD）的种族差异以及教育和识字在调解这种关系中的作用。研究方法：在居住在北卡罗来纳州的老年人（N = 3，097）的birthday社区样本中，研究了3年期间种族与CD之间的关系。结果如下：与白色受试者相比，非裔美国人受教育年限较短，更有可能被面试官评估为不识字。种族预测CD，非洲裔美国人的发病率高于白人。当教育和识字率进入分析，种族和CD之间的关联，虽然仍然具有统计意义，减少，是相对较弱的幅度。此外，身体功能问题也预测CD，并发现在非洲裔美国人比白人更大。结论：文化程度和识字率可能是CD的保护因素。社会经济上的不利条件经历了老年非裔美国人在南方的生命早期，导致较差的教育机会，可以解释，在一定程度上，增加率的CD在老年非裔美国人与白人。
Objective: The authors examined racial differences in cognitive decline ( CD) and the role of education and literacy in mediating this relationship. Methods: The relationship between race and CD was examined over a 3-year period in a biracial community sample of older adults ( N = 3,097) living in North Carolina. Results: African Americans, as compared with White participants, had fewer years of education and were more likely to be assessed by the interviewer as not literate. Race predicted CD such that African Americans had higher rates than Whites. When education and literacy were entered into the analysis, the association between race and CD, although remaining statistically significant, was reduced and was of relatively weak magnitude. Also, physical functioning problems also predicted CD and were found to be greater in African Americans than in Whites. Conclusions: Education and literacy may be protective factors against CD. Socioeconomic disadvantages experienced by older African Americans in the South early in life, leading to poorer educational opportunities, may explain, in part, the increased rates of CD in older African Americans versus Whites.