First clear evidence that Archaeozostera is not an ancestor of Zosteracean sea-grass but a trace fossil

First clear evidence that Archaeozostera is not an ancestor of Zosteracean sea-grass but a trace fossil
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第一个明确的证据表明古生动物不是大藻类海草的祖先,而是痕迹化石

DOI:
10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.03.021
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发表时间:
2016
期刊:
Palaeography, Paleoclimatology, Palaeoecology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
N.
N.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kotake;N.;Kikuchi;K.;Ishiwata;K.;Tsujino;Y.;Nakao;K. and Furukawa;N.

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许多曾经被解释为植物、海草或海藻化石的结构现在被视为古代海洋底栖动物产生的遗迹化石。然而,由于缺乏明确的、有说服力的证据,关于嗜热厌氧菌的起源至今仍存在争议。最后,我们在日本晚白垩世海底扇沉积中发现了一些特殊的标本,证明该化石不是藻纲海草的化石,而是一种底栖动物的遗迹化石。详细的野外观察,形态分析和X-射线衍射分析表明,以前的讨论ofaeozostera不仅是基于不完整的标本,但也有偏见的露头观察。新标本的形态学分析的基础上,我们展示了第一个完整的整体形态ofAsyeozostera和明确的证据,Asyeozostera是一个痕迹化石产生的一个定居的内底栖碎屑饲料,系统地排泄粪便物质在沉积物深处。最近在西班牙比利牛斯山脉始新世深海沉积物中发现的一个具代表性的古藻化石标本,有力地表明它不再是日本晚白垩世特有的遗迹化石。
Many structures that were once interpreted as fossils of plants, sea-grasses, or seaweeds are now treated as ichnofossils produced by ancient marine benthic animals. However, the origin ofArchaeozosterahas still debated owing to a lack of clear and persuasive evidence. At last, we found special specimens thatArchaeozosterais not a fossil of the Zosteracean sea-grass but a trace fossil produced by infaunal benthic animal from the late Cretaceous submarine fan deposits in Japan. Detailed field observations of occurrence, morphological analysis, and X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that previous discussions ofArchaeozosterawere based not only on incomplete specimens but also on biased outcrop observations. On the basis of morphological analysis of new specimens, we demonstrate the first complete overall morphology ofArchaeozosteraand clear evidence thatArchaeozosterais a trace fossil produced by a sedentary endobenthic detritus feeder, which systematically excreted fecal matter deep in sediments. A representative specimen ofArchaeozostera, which has recently found from Eocene deep-sea sediments in Spanish Pyrenees, strongly suggests that it is no longer an endemic trace fossil of the Upper Cretaceous of Japan.
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