A Common Work Space for a Mutual Enrichment of Human-Machine Cooperation and Team-Situation Awareness
A Common Work Space for a Mutual Enrichment of Human-Machine Cooperation and Team-Situation Awareness
复制标题
共同丰富人机协作和团队态势感知的工作空间
DOI：
10.3182/20130811-5-us-2037.00061
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
M. Pacaux
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Millot;M. Pacaux
特别是在生命关键系统中，决策需要认知功能，如监控，以及故障预防和恢复。参与控制和管理这些系统的人扮演着两种角色：积极的，因为他们独特的参与和处理意外事件的能力;消极的，因为他们犯错误的能力。但他们也能够发现和纠正这些错误，并能够从中学习。因此，人机系统设计者可以让人类的创新行为是“知道”，并科普未知的情况下，通过增强态势感知（SA）。随着人类越来越多地参与到集体工作中，团队SA的构建变得非常重要。但是，文献显示，他们的定义有很大的差异和一些不一致。这使得很难建立一个有利于人类SA的设计方法。与此同时，在过去的二十年中，人机合作模型已经被开发出来，并在不同的动态应用领域得到了验证：空中交通管制，战斗机驾驶舱，侦察机器人。这些研究表明，当任务由合作团队执行时，解决问题的能力增加，工作量减少。在本文中，我们首先合成的主要团队SA结构，然后我们提出的人机合作的原则，并提出了一个共同的工作空间作为一种媒介，允许合作。我们建议扩展它，以丰富团队SA结构。
Abstract Especially in life-critical systems decision-making entails cognitive functions such as monitoring, as well as fault prevention and recovery. People involved in the control and management of such systems play two kinds of roles: positive thanks to their unique involvement and capacity to deal with the unexpected; and negative with their ability to make errors. But they are also able to detect and correct these mistakes and able to learn from them. Thus human-machine system designer can allow the humans an innovative behavior to be “aware” and to cope with unknown situations by enhancing Situation Awareness (SA). As humans are more and more involved in collective works the constructs of team-SA are important. But the literature shows a great variety and some incoherence in their definitions. That makes difficult to build a design methodology favoring human SA. In parallel, human machine cooperation models have been developed in the last two decades and validated in different dynamic application fields: Air Traffic Control, fighter aircraft cockpit, reconnaissance robot. These studies showed an increase of the problem solving capabilities and a decrease of workload when the tasks are performed by cooperative teams. In this paper we first synthesize main team-SA constructs, we then present principles of humans-machines cooperation and present a Common Work Space as a medium that allow cooperation. We propose to extend it in order to enrich team-SA constructs.