Food and nutrition assistance activities at emergency shelters and survivors’ homes after the Great East Japan earthquake, and longitudinal changes in vulnerable groups needing special assistance.
Food and nutrition assistance activities at emergency shelters and survivors’ homes after the Great East Japan earthquake, and longitudinal changes in vulnerable groups needing special assistance.
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东日本大地震后紧急避难所和幸存者之家的食品和营养援助活动，以及需要特别援助的弱势群体的纵向变化。
DOI：
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102598
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Kazuko Ishikawa-Takata
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nobuyo Tsuboyama-Kasaoka;Sakiko Ueda;Kazuko Ishikawa-Takata
在灾害期间，一些脆弱的人无法吃到分发的食物，因此需要特别援助。因此，本研究的目的是揭示灾难后提供何种营养援助，哪些弱势群体需要特殊营养援助，以及在哪个阶段。本横断面调查采用自我管理的邮寄问卷。我们从问卷调查中收集了435名在东日本大地震灾区工作的注册营养师的数据。在紧急避难所，在第0阶段最需要特别援助的群体是婴儿和儿童，其次是老年人，然后是哺乳的母亲。在第2期和第3期，识别最多的人群是老年人，其次是糖尿病患者，然后是高血压患者。营养师用来确定需要特殊援助的弱势群体的许多信息是由医生和公共卫生护士提供的。在幸存者家中，最需要特殊营养援助的群体是各个阶段的老年人。这项研究表明，灾后需要特殊营养援助的弱势群体在不同阶段有所不同。营养援助的需求者为早期婴幼儿和老年人，中长期需求者为慢性病患者和老年人。因此，有必要根据轻重缓急，在适当的时间提供营养援助。
During disasters, some vulnerable individuals are unable to eat the food that is distributed and thus need special assistance. Hence, the aim of this study was to reveal what kinds of nutrition assistance are provided following a disaster, which groups of vulnerable individuals need special nutrition assistance, and at which phase.This cross-sectional survey was using a self-administered postal-based questionnaire. We analyzed data from 435 registered dietitians who had worked in the areas affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake, collected from a questionnaire survey.At emergency shelters, the groups most identified as needing special assistance in phase 0 were infants and children, followed by elderly and then nursing mothers. In phases 2 and 3, the most identified group was elderly, followed by diabetes patients, and then hypertension patients. The much information that dietitians used to identify vulnerable individuals needing special assistance was provided by doctors and public health nurses. At survivors’ homes, the group most identified as needing special nutrition assistance was elderly in all phases.This study showed that the vulnerable groups that need special nutrition assistance differ by phases after disaster. The needs for nutrition assistance were infants and elderly in early stage, and chronic disease patients and elderly in mid-to long-term. Therefore, it is necessary to provide nutrition assistance at the appropriate timing according to priority.