Determinants of transport mode choice: a comparison of Germany and the USA
Determinants of transport mode choice: a comparison of Germany and the USA
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2010.07.005
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发表时间：
2011-07-01
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Buehler, Ralph
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Buehler, Ralph
德国和美国是世界上机动化率最高的国家之一。然而，德国人通过步行、骑自行车和公共交通出行的比例是美国人的四倍，而开车出行的比例比美国人低25%。本文利用两个可比较的国家旅行调查，实证研究了德国和美国交通方式选择的决定因素。在这两个国家，较高的人口密度、较多的土地使用组合、家庭靠近公共交通工具以及每户较少的汽车与较低的汽车出行比例有关。然而，两国仍存在相当大的差异：美国社会各阶层都比德国人更依赖汽车。即使控制了社会经济因素和土地利用的差异。德国人更倾向于步行、骑自行车和使用公共交通工具。此外，居住在人口密集、混合用途地区、靠近公共交通的美国人比居住在人口密度较低、土地用途组合更有限、距离公共交通更远的地区的德国人更有可能开车。不同的交通政策使得汽车出行更慢、更昂贵、更不方便，而在德国，汽车的替代品更有吸引力，这可能有助于解释其余的差异。(C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
Germany and the USA have among the highest motorization rates in the world. Yet Germans make a four times higher share of trips by foot, bike, and public transport and drive for a 25% lower share of trips as Americans. Using two comparable national travel surveys this paper empirically investigates determinants of transport mode choice in Germany and the USA.In both countries higher population density, a greater mix of land-uses, household proximity to public transport, and fewer cars per household are associated with a lower share of trips by automobile. However, considerable differences remain: all groups of society in America are more car-dependent than Germans. Even controlling for dissimilarities in socio-economic factors and land-use. Germans are more likely to walk, cycle, and use public transport. Moreover, Americans living in dense, mixed-use areas, and close to public transport are more likely to drive than Germans living in lower density areas, with more limited mix of land-uses, and farther from public transport. Differences in transport policy that make car travel slower, more expensive, less convenient, and alternatives to the automobile more attractive in Germany may help account for the remaining differences. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.