Pollinator presence in orchards depends on landscape-scale habitats more than in-field flower resources
Pollinator presence in orchards depends on landscape-scale habitats more than in-field flower resources
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.agee.2019.106806
复制
发表时间：
2020-05-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Lavorel, Sandra
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bartholomee, Oceane;Aullo, Amandine;Lavorel, Sandra
授粉是一项重要的生态系统服务，因为它在维持粮食生产方面发挥着重要作用，而授粉昆虫在全球范围内正在减少。授粉能力可以通过表征授粉媒介群落的直接指标来估计。传粉媒介需要进食和筑巢资源，因此也可以通过在地块和景观尺度上表征这些资源的间接指标来估计它们的存在。在这项研究中，我们的目的是通过将昆虫的存在与管理授粉媒介存在的最相关的环境变量联系起来，确定说明果园授粉能力的资源指标子集。在格勒诺布尔地区（法国）的 31 个果园中，我们测量了小区规模传粉媒介丰度和丰富度的直接指标。同时，我们量化了景观和地块规模的进食和筑巢资源的间接指标。我们使用资源指标和昆虫分类丰富度和丰度测量之间的简单线性模型选择与昆虫存在显着相关的指标。包括地块和景观尺度上的重要资源指标的多元线性回归表明，景观组成和蜂箱的存在解释了授粉媒介群落指标观察到的 19% 至 63% 的方差。传粉媒介总丰度随着距最近草地的距离而减少，并随着蜂箱的丰富而增加。传粉媒介的丰富度随着半径 3 公里内的草地覆盖而增加。蜂箱位于场地和景观中时，家蜂丰度增加；而与最近的草地隔离时，家蜂丰度减少。野生膜翅目丰度随着 3 km 范围内的草地覆盖和 500 m 范围内的森林覆盖而增加。当蜂箱仅位于景观中时，双翅目丰度增加。这项研究强调了传粉媒介群落景观规模资源相对于田间花卉资源的普遍作用。因此，为了有利于授粉媒介，管理应主要集中在景观规模上，需要农民之间的合作。然而，由于资源指标解释了大多数群落变量观察到的方差的不到一半，因此从特定环境变量推断传粉媒介群落特征仍然不确定。进一步的工作可以探索果园管理实践如何影响我们的结论。
Pollination is a critical ecosystem service given its essential role in sustaining food production, while pollinating insects are declining worldwide. Pollination capacity can be estimated through direct indicators characterising pollinator communities. Pollinators need feeding and nesting resources, so their presence can also be estimated through indirect indicators characterising these resources at plot and landscape scales. In this study, we aimed to identify the subset of resource indicators accounting for pollination capacity in orchards by relating insect presence to the most relevant environmental variables for managing pollinator presence. In 31 orchards of the Grenoble region (France) we measured direct indicators of pollinator abundance and richness at plot scale. Simultaneously we quantified indirect indicators of landscape and plot scale feeding and nesting resources. We selected indicators significantly correlated with insect presence using simple linear models between resource indicators and measures of insect taxonomic richness and abundance. Multiple linear regressions including significant resource indicators at both plot and landscape scales showed that landscape composition and presence of beehives explained between 19 and 63 % of the observed variance of pollinator community indicators. Total pollinator abundance decreased with distance to the closest grassland patch and increased with abundance of beehives. Pollinator richness increased with grassland cover within a 3 km radius. Domestic honeybee abundance increased with beehives located both in the plot and the landscape, and decreased with isolation from the closest grassland patch. Wild hymenopteran abundance increased with grassland cover within 3 km and forest cover at 500 m. Dipteran abundance increased when beehives were located only in the landscape. This study highlights the prevalent role of landscape-scale resources for pollinator communities over in-field flower resources. Thus, in order to favour pollinators, management should focus mainly on the landscape scale, necessitating cooperation between farmers. However, as resource indicators explained less than half of the observed variance for most community variables, inferring pollinator community characteristics from specific environmental variables remains uncertain. Further work could explore how orchard management practices influence our conclusions.