Histological evaluation of thyroid lesions using a scanning acoustic microscope
Histological evaluation of thyroid lesions using a scanning acoustic microscope
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DOI：
10.2147/plmi.s58343
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
0.2
通讯作者：
Mineta, Hiroyuki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miura, Katsutoshi;Mineta, Hiroyuki
目的：扫描声学显微镜（SAM）利用超声波通过屏幕上的组织绘制声速（SOS）来对物体成像。由于硬组织产生巨大的SOS， SAM可以提供组织弹性的数据。本文探讨了SAM在甲状腺病变评估中的应用。方法：用120 MHz换能器扫描福尔马林固定石蜡切片。计算各区域的SOS并在屏幕上绘制，提供组织学图像，并对各病变的SOS进行比较和统计分析。结果：高浓度胶体、红细胞、胶原纤维的SOS值较大，而低浓度胶体、甲状旁腺、淋巴滤泡、上皮组织包括癌组织的SOS值较低。低倍光镜下，SAM清晰地分辨出甲状腺成分的结构。按平均SOS将甲状腺肿瘤分为三组：快组由滤泡腺瘤/癌和恶性淋巴瘤组成；慢速组含有低分化/未分化癌；中间组包括乳头状/髓样癌。在癌周围浸润区可见碎片状胶体、不规则形状的滤泡和结缔组织增生反应。结论：SAM成像方法具有以下优点：1)无需特殊染色，可在几分钟内获得精确图像；2)组织结构不规则及结缔组织增生反应提示恶性肿瘤；3)图像反映组织弹性，SOS在病变间具有统计学可比性；4)将胶体浓度转化为SOS可预测卵泡功能活性；5)肿瘤分类可通过SOS预测，因为更多低分化癌倾向于显示较低的SOS。
Purpose: A scanning acoustic microscope (SAM) uses an ultrasound to image an object by plotting the speed-of-sound (SOS) through tissues on screen. Because hard tissues result in great SOS, SAM can provide data on the tissue elasticity. This paper investigated the utility of SAM in evaluating thyroid lesions.Methods: Formalin-fixed, paraffin sections were scanned with a 120 MHz transducer. SOS through each area was calculated and plotted on the screen to provide histological images, and SOS of each lesion was compared and statistically analyzed.Results: High-concentrated colloids, red blood cells, and collagen fibers showed great SOS, while low-concentrated colloids, parathyroids, lymph follicles, and epithelial tissues including carcinomas demonstrated lower SOS. SAM clearly discriminated structure of thyroid components corresponding to low magnification of light microscopy. Thyroid tumors were classified into three groups by average SOS: the fast group consisted of follicular adenomas/carcinomas and malignant lymphomas; the slow group contained poorly differentiated/undifferentiated carcinomas; and the intermediate group comprised papillary/medullary carcinomas. Fragmented colloids, irregular-shaped follicles, and desmoplastic reactions were observed in the invasive area of surrounding carcinomas.Conclusion: The SAM imaging method had the following benefits: 1) precise images were acquired in a few minutes without special staining; 2) structural irregularity and desmoplastic reactions, which indicated malignancy, were detected; 3) images reflected tissue elasticity, which was statistically comparable among lesions by SOS; 4) follicular functional activity was predictable by converting colloid concentration to SOS; and 5) tumor classification was predictable by SOS because more poorly differentiated carcinomas had a tendency to show lower SOS.