Disposal of unwanted pesticides in Stellenbosch, South Africa
Disposal of unwanted pesticides in Stellenbosch, South Africa
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.09.049
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发表时间：
2006-05-15
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
London, Leslie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dalvie, Mohamed Aqiel;Africa, Algernon;London, Leslie
背景：在发展中国家，不需要的农药是主要的环境健康威胁。本研究跟踪以前的审计不需要的和过时的农药在南非农村地区的农场6年后，国家检索项目（NPR）进行了carried.Methods：一个描述性调查的37个农场，已拥有不需要的农药在1995年的调查和有目的的样本34个邻近的农场，进行了。调查数据包括农场的详细资料、无用除害剂库存的详细资料、空容器的数量，以及除害剂仓库的安全和卫生情况。此外，管理层被问到，如果他们已被告知，并参加了1997年的NPR，同样，他们是否知道检索计划的非洲库存方案（ASP）。结果：四十（56%）农场拥有过期农药，其中24（59%）是农场，有不需要的股票在以前的调查。这些农药超过9吨，比上次调查增加了50%，其中包括20种在南非被禁止、撤回或限制使用或被列为世卫组织I类毒性的化学品。超过2800公斤的农药（30%）无法识别。没有一个农场参加了NPR，尽管有47个农场知道这一倡议。只有六个农场（9%）知道ASP计划，59个农场（83%）的场地上有空容器。大多数农药商店（67%）有地板污染的chemicals.Conclusion：调查发现，尽管NPR，不需要的农药在研究领域的问题，并可能在整个南非已经恶化。国家和国际政策应从根源上控制这一问题，并鼓励更可持续的农业。(c)2005 Elsevier B.V保留所有权利。
Background: Unwanted pesticides in developing countries are major environmental health threats. This study followed-up a previous audit of unwanted and obsolete pesticides on farms in a rural district of South Africa six years after a National Retrieval Project (NPR) was undertaken.Methods: A descriptive survey of 37 farms that had been in possession of unwanted pesticides in a 1995 survey and a purposive sample of 34 neighbouring farms, was carried out. The survey data included farm details; details of unwanted pesticide stocks, volumes of empty containers and safety and hygiene of pesticide stores. In addition, management was asked if they had been informed about and participated in the 1997 NPR and similarly whether they were aware of the retrieval planned by the African Stockpiles Programme (ASP).Results: Forty (56%) farms were in possession of obsolete pesticides of which 24 (59%) were farms that had unwanted stocks in the previous survey. There were more than 9 tonnes of these pesticides, 50% more than in the previous survey, including 20 chemicals banned, withdrawn or restricted in South Africa or classified as WHO Class I toxicity. Over 2800 kg of pesticides (30%) were not identifiable. None of the farms participated in the NPR, although 47 knew of the initiative. Only six farmers (9%) knew of the ASP initiative.Fifty-nine farms (83%) had empty containers on the premises. Most pesticide stores (67%) had floors contaminated with chemicals.Conclusion: The survey found that despite the NPR, the problem of unwanted pesticides in the study area and probably throughout South Africa has deteriorated. National and international policies should control the problem at source and encourage more sustainable agriculture. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.