How best to reduce unhealthy risk-taking behaviours? A meta-review of evidence syntheses of interventions using self-regulation principles.
How best to reduce unhealthy risk-taking behaviours? A meta-review of evidence syntheses of interventions using self-regulation principles.
复制标题
如何最好地减少不健康的冒险行为？
DOI：
10.1080/17437199.2019.1707104
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Johnson,BlairT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Protogerou,Cleo;McHugh,RKathryn;Johnson,BlairT
自我调节是健康的关键前提，行为改变干预措施利用自我调节方法来促进健康。本研究使用了一种新颖的方法，即一种测试的荟萃综述，以：(a)整合和总结来自各种自我调节干预措施的证据综合信息，以减少吸烟、酗酒和吸毒、不健康饮食、外化问题行为和性冒险等行为领域的冒险行为；(b)查明与预防或减少冒险有关的干预特点；(c)为未来的研究和实践提供建议。对8个数据库的搜索产生了21个合格的证据综合，15个采用主要的社会认知策略（k= 1103项研究），6个采用主要的特征/发展策略（k= 119）；totalN > 650000。最常与降低风险相关的干预特征包括：通过（或混合）团体、个人、计算机和一对一的方式提供多种成分；筛查和药物治疗（如有必要）；只针对一种行为结果；提供咨询、压力管理、技能培训、自我监控、自我控制和冲动训练，以及个性化反馈；识别障碍和“解决”障碍；根据年龄和种族量身定制；同时，融入同伴的社会支持。其中一些模式在具有较高方法学质量的元分析中更为明显。对研究和实践提出了建议。
Self-regulation is a key antecedent of health and behaviour-change interventions have utilised self-regulation approaches to promote health. The present study used a novel methodology, anested meta-review,to: (a) integrate and summarise information from evidence syntheses of diverse self-regulation interventions to reduce risk-taking, in the behavioural domains of smoking, alcohol and drug use, unhealthy eating, externalising problem behaviours, and sexual risk-taking; (b) identify intervention features implicated in risk-taking prevention or reduction; and (c) provide recommendations for future research and practice. Searches of eight databases yielded 21 eligible evidence syntheses, 15 taking a primarily social-cognitive strategy (k= 1,103 total studies), and 6 taking a primary trait/developmental strategy (k= 119); totalN> 650,000. Intervention features most frequently associated with reduced risk-taking included: delivery of multiple components through (either, or a mix of) group, individual, computer, and one-one-one delivery; screening and pharmacotherapy, where relevant; targeting only one behavioural outcome; provision of counselling, stress-management, skills-training, self-monitoring, self-control and impulsivity training, and personalised feedback; identification of barriers and ‘resolution’ of barriers; tailoring to age and ethnicity; and, also, incorporating social support by peers. Some of these patterns were more visible in meta-analyses with higher methodological quality. Recommendations for research and practice are offered.