West Nile virus chorioretinitis
West Nile virus chorioretinitis
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DOI：
10.1097/00006982-200302000-00017
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发表时间：
2003-02-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Stoessel, KM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adelman, RA;Membreno, JH;Stoessel, KM
1999年西尼罗河病毒的爆发预示着一种迅速传播的媒介传播疾病在美国的存在。在纽约大都会地区发现了59名西尼罗河病毒脑膜脑炎患者。这是西半球首次发现这种病毒。2000年，在纽约、新泽西和康涅狄格州，有21名患者被确认感染了西尼罗河病毒。2001年疾病控制中心的监测数据3表明，西尼罗河病毒已经蔓延到东部的10个州。这种疾病已经站稳了脚跟，并迅速蔓延到西海岸。西尼罗河病毒感染4是一种由蚊子传播的人畜共患病，与一种发热性疾病有关。自1957年以色列爆发疫情以来，疫情的严重性有所增加，这与严重的神经疾病和死亡有关。在美国，每5名感染者中就有1人出现轻度发烧，并伴有不适、食欲不振、恶心、眼睛痛、头痛和肌肉痛3至6天。视神经炎与西尼罗河病毒脑膜脑炎有关。5入院的患者中90%有发热、胃肠道症状、头痛和皮疹。严重的神经系统疾病仍然不常见。高龄和糖尿病的存在已被确定为危险因素。1除临床表现外，诊断还需进行IgM抗体和酶联免疫分析。支持性治疗是治疗的主要手段。
The 1999 West Nile virus outbreak 1 heralded the presence of a quickly spreading, vector-borne disease in the United States. Fifty-nine patients with West Nile virus meningoencephalitis were identified in the New York metropolitan area. This represented the first time this virus was identified in the western hemisphere. In 2000, 21 patients 2 were identified with West Nile virus in New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut. The 2001 Centers for Disease Control (CDC) surveillance data 3 indicate that West Nile virus had spread to 10 eastern states. The disease has gained a strong foothold and has rapidly spread to the west coast.West Nile virus infection 4 is a zoonotic disease transmitted by a mosquito and is associated with a febrile illness. Outbreaks have increased in severity since the 1957 outbreak in Israel that was associated with severe neurologic disease and death. In the United States, 1 in 5 infected persons develops a mild fever accompanied by malaise, anorexia, nausea, eye pain, headache, and myalgia for 3 to 6 days. Optic neuritis has been associated with West Nile virus meningoencephalitis. 5 Ninety percent of patients admitted to the hospital had fever, gastrointestinal symptoms, headache, and rash. Severe neurologic disease remains uncommon. Advanced age and presence of diabetes have been identified as risk factors. 1 In addition to the clinical findings, the diagnosis is confirmed with IgM antibody and enzyme-linked immunoassays. Supportive therapy is the mainstay of treatment.