Of lasers, mutants, and see-through brains: Functional neuroanatomy in zebrafish
Of lasers, mutants, and see-through brains: Functional neuroanatomy in zebrafish
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DOI：
10.1002/neu.20000
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发表时间：
2004-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Baier, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gahtan, E;Baier, H
行为功能是由大脑中的局部回路执行的。尽管模块化原则已经明确确立，但模块的边界，有时甚至是它们的存在，仍然存在争议。斑马鱼在将行为定位到离散的大脑区域方面可能具有明显的优势，因为它能够可视化、记录和损伤大脑中精确识别的神经元群体。此外，斑马鱼的遗传筛选能够分离破坏神经通路和/或行为的突变，作为与激光消融互补的替代损伤技术。例如，毛特纳细胞（Mauthner cell）是位于后脑的一个大型神经元，它被认为是执行逃跑的必要和充分条件。我们讨论在这篇评论如何实验，使用激光消融，钙成像，和突变体已经侵蚀了这一概念。即使是在一个简单的行为中，比如逃跑，也会有许多平行的路径参与其中，没有一个是绝对必要的。损伤研究和行为突变体的分析现在也开始阐明斑马鱼视觉系统的功能结构。虽然仍处于胚胎阶段，但斑马鱼行为的神经解剖学具有光明的未来。(C)2004 Wiley Periodicals，Inc.
Behavioral functions are carried out by localized circuits in the brain. Although this modular principle is clearly established, the boundaries of modules, and sometimes even their existence, are still debated. Zebrafish might offer distinct advantages in localizing behaviors to discrete brain regions because of the ability to visualize, record from, and lesion precisely identified populations of neurons in the brain. In addition, genetic screens in zebrafish enable the isolation of mutations that disrupt neural pathways and/or behaviors, as an alternative lesioning technique with complementary strengths to laser ablations. For example, the Mauthner cell, a large identified neuron in the hind-brain, has been postulated to be both necessary and sufficient for the execution of escapes. We discuss in this review how experiments, using laser ablations, calcium imaging, and mutants have eroded this notion. Even in a simple behavior, such as escape, many parallel pathways appear to be involved with no single one being absolutely necessary. Lesion studies and the analysis of behavioral mutants are now also beginning to elucidate the functional architecture of the zebrafish visual system. Although still in an embryonic stage, the neuroanatomy of behaviors in zebrafish has a bright future. (C) 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.