The cultural politics of female same-sex intimacy in post-apartheid South Africa
The cultural politics of female same-sex intimacy in post-apartheid South Africa
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南非后种族隔离时期女性同性亲密关系的文化政治
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Henriette Gunkel
中科院分区：
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作者：
Henriette Gunkel
1996年，南非成为世界上第一个明确将
后种族隔离宪法的权利法案中的男女同性恋权利。以来
那么对性身份的讨论和宣示就越来越多。这
不仅提出了权利问题，而且提出了性别关系问题，
文化真实性，例如，在新兴的民粹主义概念中，
同性恋作为非非洲人，成为民族国家政治的焦点。本文
审查背后的政治主张同性恋是非非洲和其历史
殖民主义和种族隔离历史上的一个重要里程碑。本文探讨了如何
殖民主义和种族隔离在历史上塑造了性别和性行为的结构
以及这些概念如何不仅被同性恋的话语重新引入，
非非洲，也通过后种族隔离宪法本身。
由于对性权利的解释通常侧重于同性恋身份，
本文反思了这些话语对非规范模式的影响，
性和亲密更具体地说，论文的重点是我的采访，
在约翰内斯堡进行的关于“妈妈-婴儿”关系的研究。通过将这些内容置于背景中
性文化和性文化的历史和文化框架中的关系
亲密关系这篇论文认为，南非的历史和文化提供了/提供了一个
空间容纳女性同性亲密的形式，不一定是
与大都市的性文化有关本文探讨了非女同性恋者之间的紧张关系，
同性亲密关系和都市女同性恋，它探讨了程度，
后种族隔离时代的宪法使这些亲密关系进一步边缘化，
强化了同性恋和异性恋的二元身份因此，本文提出了以下问题：
身份的调节功能和（西方）性主体性的概念，
把“出柜”的实践问题化，认为它总是一个解放的时刻。做
这篇论文关注性的文化和历史范畴，
规范性和/或颠覆性形式的男性和女性，以及社会
基于性别、性取向和种族的包容和排斥。通过这样做
本文探讨了酷儿理论在南非语境中的适用性。
In 1996 South Africa became the first country in the world that explicitly incorporated
lesbian and gay rights within the Bill of Rights of the post-apartheid constitution. Since
then the discussion and proclamation of sexual identities has increasingly emerged. This
has brought not only the subject of rights but also the question of gender relations and
cultural authenticity, as visible for example in the emerging populist notion of
homosexuality as un-African, into the focus of the nation state's politics. The thesis
examines the politics behind the claim homosexuality is un-African and its historical
anchorage in the history of colonialism and apartheid. The thesis explores how
colonialism and apartheid have historically shaped constructions of gender and sexuality
and how these concepts are not only re-introduced by discourses of homosexuality as
un-African but also through the post-apartheid constitution itself.
As the interpretation of rights in relation to sexuality generally focuses on gay identities
this thesis reflects on the effects of these discourses on non-normative modes of
sexuality and intimacy. More specifically the thesis focuses on the interviews that I have
conducted in Johannesburg on 'mummy-baby' relationships. By contextualizing these
relationships in the historical and cultural framework of sexual cultures and cultures of
intimacy this thesis argues that the South African history and cultures provided/provide a
space which accommodates forms of female same-sex intimacy that are not necessarily
linked to metropolitan sexual cultures. The thesis discusses the tensions between nonlesbian
same-sex intimacy and metropolitan lesbianism and it explores the extent that
these forms of intimacy are further marginalized by a post-apartheid constitution which
reinforces a homosexual/heterosexual binarized identity. Therefore, the thesis questions
the regulatory functions of identity and (Western) notions of sexual subjectivities and
problematizes the practice of 'coming out' as always being a liberating moment. To do
this the thesis pays attention to cultural and historical categories of sexualities, to
normative and/or subversive forms of masculinities and femininities, and to social
inclusion and exclusion on the basis of gender, sexuality and race. By doing so the
thesis explores the suitability of queer theory in the South African context.