Impact of Gun-hunting on Diurnal Primates in Continental Equatorial Guinea
Impact of Gun-hunting on Diurnal Primates in Continental Equatorial Guinea
复制标题
赤道几内亚大陆枪支狩猎对昼行灵长类动物的影响
DOI：
10.1007/s10764-008-9277-2
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Kümpel N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kümpel N
丛林肉狩猎正在威胁整个非洲中西部的野生动物种群，目前对灵长类动物的威胁比某些地区栖息地丧失或退化更大。然而，物种承受狩猎的能力各不相同，这要么是因为猎人针对它们的目标不同，要么是因为它们对特定狩猎水平的脆弱性不同。我们研究了赤道几内亚大陆蒙特阿伦国家公园的蒙特米特拉地区目前的枪支狩猎水平对昼夜灵长类动物物种的影响。目前，大多数森林猎物都被捕获，但随着猎枪变得越来越容易获得和便宜，枪支狩猎正在增加，可以瞄准树栖和陆地猎物。我们通过猎人访谈、枪支猎手跟踪、记录 9374 个人的承购调查以及覆盖 2 个具有不同枪支狩猎历史的地点的 408 公里线样带的灵长类动物调查，收集了超过 15 个月的数据。在公园内，枪支狩猎压力最近且较轻，我们发现灵长类动物的多样性、密度和生物量很高，其中黑疣猴 (Colobus satanas) 特别丰富，每平方公里有 57 只。然而，在村庄周围，枪支狩猎的历史较长，尽管长尾猴等其他物种仍然存在（尽管密度较低），但疣疣猴实际上已经消失了。由于行动缓慢且体型庞大，疣疣猴是首选且易受攻击的猎物，也是过度捕猎的早期指标。蒙特阿伦国家公园目前是灵长类动物（特别是疣猴）的重要据点，但迫切需要对公园内的贸易进行监管并实施狩猎禁令，以保护它们和其他脆弱物种的未来。
Bushmeat hunting is threatening wildlife populations across west-central Africa, and now poses a greater threat to primates than habitat loss or degradation does in some areas. However, species vary in their abilities to withstand hunting, either because hunters target them differentially or they vary in their vulnerability to a given level of hunting. We studied the impact of current levels of gun-hunting on diurnal primate species in the little-studied Monte Mitra area of Monte Alén National Park, continental Equatorial Guinea. Most bushmeat is currently trapped, but gun-hunting is increasing as shotguns become more available and affordable, allowing targeting of arboreal as well as terrestrial prey. We collected data over 15-mo, via hunter interviews, gun-hunter follows, an offtake survey recording 9374 individuals, and primate surveys covering 408 km of line transects in 2 sites with differing gun-hunting histories. Inside the park, where gun-hunting pressure was recent and light, we found high primate diversity, density, and biomass, with black colobus (Colobus satanas) particularly abundant at 57 individuals/km2. However, around the village, where gun-hunting was longer-established, though other species such as the guenons still persisted (albeit at lower densities),Colobus satanaswere virtually absent. Being slow and large-bodied,Colobus satanasare preferred and susceptible prey, and an early indicator of overhunting. Monte Alén National Park is currently an important stronghold for primates, particularlyColobus satanas, but regulation of the trade and enforcement of hunting bans in the park are urgently needed to safeguard their future and that of other vulnerable species.