Increased Postural Demand Is Associated With Greater Cognitive Workload in Healthy Young Adults: A Pupillometry Study
Increased Postural Demand Is Associated With Greater Cognitive Workload in Healthy Young Adults: A Pupillometry Study
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DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2018.00288
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发表时间：
2018-07-18
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Devos, Hannes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kahya, Melike;Wood, Tyler A.;Devos, Hannes
简介：平衡任务需要认知资源来确保姿势稳定性。瞳孔测量已用于量化各种认知任务的认知工作量，但尚未在姿势控制方面进行研究。目前的研究利用瞳孔测量来量化健康年轻人姿势控制的认知负荷。我们假设，认知工作量，瞳孔大小索引，将增加具有挑战性的姿势控制条件，包括视觉遮挡和认知dual tasking.Methods：21年轻健康成人（平均值+/-标准误的平均值），（年龄= 23.2 +/- 0.49岁; 12名女性）被招募本研究。参与者完成了四项任务：（1）睁着眼睛站立;（2）闭着眼睛站立;（3）在执行听觉Stroop任务时睁着眼睛站立;以及（4）在执行听觉Stroop任务时闭着眼睛站立。参与者戴着眼动追踪眼镜，站在一个力量平台上。眼睛跟踪眼镜记录瞳孔大小的变化，这些变化反过来被转换成认知活动指数（伊卡）。对每只眼睛和每种条件下的伊卡值取平均值。采用事后Sidak校正的双因素方差分析进行成对比较，以检查视觉遮挡和双重任务对伊卡值以及前后（AP）和内外（ML）方向上的压力中心（CoP）摇摆速度的影响。Pearson相关系数被用来确定伊卡值和CoP摇摆velocity.Results之间的关系：观察到显着的条件内效应与右眼伊卡值的视觉遮挡（p = 0.008）。右眼伊卡从睁眼到闭眼增加（p = 0.008）。此外，一个显着的负相关性之间观察到右眼伊卡值和CoP摇摆速度在ML方向在所有的条件（r =-0.25，p = 0.02）。结论：这项研究表明，增加认知工作量的支持，测量瞳孔，作为一个结果，在健康的年轻人的姿势控制的变化。瞳孔测量在平衡功能评估中的临床应用值得进一步研究。
Introduction: Balance tasks require cognitive resources to ensure postural stability. Pupillometry has been used to quantify cognitive workload of various cognitive tasks, but has not been studied in postural control. The current investigation utilized pupillometry to quantify the cognitive workload of postural control in healthy young adults. We hypothesized that cognitive workload, indexed by pupil size, will increase with challenging postural control conditions including visual occlusion and cognitive dual tasking.Methods: Twenty-one young healthy adults (mean +/- standard error of the mean), (age = 23.2 +/- 0.49 years; 12 females) were recruited for this study. Participants completed four tasks: (1) standing with eyes open; (2) standing with eyes occluded (3) standing with eyes open while performing an auditory Stroop task; and (4) standing with eyes occluded while performing an auditory Stroop task. Participants wore eye tracking glasses while standing on a force platform. The eye tracking glasses recorded changes in pupil size that in turn were converted into the Index of Cognitive Activity (ICA). ICA values were averaged for each eye and condition. A two-way Analysis of Variance with post-hoc Sidak correction for pairwise comparisons was run to examine the effect of visual occlusion and dual tasking on ICA values as well on Center of Pressure (CoP) sway velocity in anterior-posterior (AP) and medio-lateral (ML) directions. A Pearson's correlation coefficient was utilized to determine the relationship between ICA values and CoP sway velocity.Results: Significant within-condition effect was observed with visual occlusion for the right eye ICA values (p = 0.008). Right eye ICA increased from eyes open to eyes occluded conditions (p = 0.008). In addition, a significant inverse correlation was observed between right eye ICA values and CoP sway velocity in the ML direction across all the conditions (r = -0.25, p = 0.02).Conclusion: This study demonstrated support for increased cognitive workload, measured by pupillometry, as a result of changes in postural control in healthy young adults. Further research is warranted to investigate the clinical application of pupillometry in balance assessment.