Studies of cancer risk among Chernobyl liquidators: materials and methods
Studies of cancer risk among Chernobyl liquidators: materials and methods
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切尔诺贝利清理者癌症风险研究：材料和方法
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
M. Tekkel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Kesminiene;Elisabeth Cardis;V. Tenet;V. Ivanov;J. Kurtinaitis;I. Malakhova;A. Stengrēvics;M. Tekkel
本文介绍了在白俄罗斯、爱沙尼亚、拉脱维亚、立陶宛和俄罗斯进行的两项切尔诺贝利事故清算者--白血病和非霍奇金淋巴瘤、甲状腺癌风险的病例对照研究的方法和设计。这些研究的具体目标是估计切尔诺贝利事故清理者中辐射诱发这些疾病的风险，特别是研究在低至中等（0-500毫希沃特）辐射剂量范围内，照射时间和辐射类型对辐射诱发癌症风险的影响。研究人口包括约10 000波罗的海，40 000白俄罗斯和51 000俄罗斯清理谁在30公里区工作，在1986-1987年，谁在这些国家的切尔诺贝利登记注册。这些研究包括1993年至1998年所有国家诊断的病例，但白俄罗斯除外，白俄罗斯的研究期延长至2000年。每个国家从国家队列中为每个病例选择四名对照，年龄，性别和居住地区相匹配。研究对象的信息是通过面对面的访谈获得的，使用标准化的问卷调查，问题包括人口统计学因素，时间，地点和工作条件，作为清算人和潜在的风险和混淆因素的肿瘤的利益。总体而言，136例病例和595例对照在获得同意后被纳入研究。一种分析剂量重建的方法已被开发，验证和应用于估计剂量和相关的不确定性的研究中的所有科目。目前正在进行剂量反应分析，其结果很可能对评估现有保护标准是否充分产生重要影响，这些标准是根据对原子弹爆炸幸存者死亡率的分析和其他高剂量研究得出的风险估计数制定的。
The current paper presents the methods and design of two case–control studies among Chernobyl liquidators—one of leukaemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, the other of thyroid cancer risk—carried out in Belarus, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Russia. The specific objective of these studies is to estimate the radiation induced risk of these diseases among liquidators of the Chernobyl accident, and, in particular, to study the effect of exposure protraction and radiation type on the risk of radiation induced cancer in the low-to-medium- (0–500 mSv) radiation dose range. The study population consists of the approximately 10 000 Baltic, 40 000 Belarus and 51 000 Russian liquidators who worked in the 30 km zone in 1986–1987, and who were registered in the Chernobyl registry of these countries. The studies included cases diagnosed in 1993–1998 for all countries but Belarus, where the study period was extended until 2000. Four controls were selected in each country from the national cohort for each case, matched on age, gender and region of residence. Information on study subjects was obtained through face-to-face interview using a standardised questionnaire with questions on demographic factors, time, place and conditions of work as a liquidator and potential risk and confounding factors for the tumours of interest. Overall, 136 cases and 595 controls after receiving their consent were included in the studies. A method of analytical dose reconstruction has been developed, validated and applied to the estimation of doses and related uncertainties for all the subjects in the study. Dose–response analyses are underway and results are likely to have important implications to assess the adequacy of existing protection standards, which are based on risk estimates derived from analyses of the mortality of atomic bomb survivors and other high dose studies.
爱沙尼亚对切尔诺贝利清理工人的研究：II。
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Rahu,M;Tekkel,M;Veidebaum,T;Pukkala,E;Hakulinen,T;Auvinen,A;Rytomaa,T;Inskip,PD;BoiceJr,JD
通讯作者：
BoiceJr,JD