Attention Bias Modification Training Via Smartphone to Reduce Social Anxiety: A Randomized, Controlled Multi-Session Experiment
Attention Bias Modification Training Via Smartphone to Reduce Social Anxiety: A Randomized, Controlled Multi-Session Experiment
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DOI：
10.1007/s10608-014-9606-z
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发表时间：
2014-04-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
McNally, Richard J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Enock, Philip M.;Hofmann, Stefan G.;McNally, Richard J.
通过移动的设备测试心理治疗的可行性和有效性是重要的，因为它具有高剂量治疗、广泛和廉价传播以及有效研究方法的潜在好处。我们进行了第一次通过智能手机进行注意力偏差修正训练的随机对照试验，将这种训练与双盲设计的对照训练进行了比较，还包括等待条件。所有参与者在4周内每天三次在自己的智能手机上，在家里或他们选择的任何地方进行了一种点探测训练，包括带有中性和厌恶（代表社会威胁）表情的面部。注意力偏差修正，也称为注意力的认知偏差修正，训练包括诱导注意力部署远离厌恶面孔的应变，而控制训练不包括应变。参与者每周完成基于互联网的自我报告症状评估以及智能手机提供的点探针注意力偏差评估，其可靠性结果支持使用智能手机进行基于反应时间的评估的可行性。组间训练对注意力偏差分数的影响很小，在一些分析中显示出统计学显著性，而在另一些分析中则没有。在社交焦虑的措施，意向治疗分析（n = 326）显示显着的治疗前和治疗后的下降，在两个培训组中的中到大的效果大小，而在等待组的小下降是不显着的。两个训练组的社交焦虑都比候补组减少得多;然而，在这两种训练条件下的好处在统计上是无法区分的。两种训练条件的改善超出了等待名单的改善，可以归因于它们共同的任何因素，但不是特定于主动注意偏差修正训练的应急训练。
Testing feasibility and efficacy of psychological treatment via mobile devices is important, given its potential benefits for high-dosage treatment delivery, widespread and inexpensive dissemination, and efficient research methods. We conducted the first randomized controlled trial of attention bias modification training delivered via smartphones, comparing this training to control training in a double-blind design, also including a waitlist condition. All participants performed a variant of dot-probe training involving faces with neutral and disgust (representative of social threat) expressions in brief sessions three times daily over 4 weeks on their own smartphones, at home or anywhere they chose. Attention bias modification, also known as cognitive bias modification of attention, training included a contingency to induce attentional deployment away from disgust faces, whereas the control training included no contingency. Participants completed weekly Internet-based self-report symptom assessments as well as smartphone-delivered dot-probe attention bias assessments, whose reliability findings supported the viability of using smartphones for reaction-time based assessments. The between-groups training effect on attention bias scores was small, showing statistical significance in some analyses and not in others. On measures of social anxiety, intention-to-treat analyses (n = 326) revealed significant pre-post treatment declines with medium to large effect sizes in both training groups, whereas small declines in a waitlist group were nonsignificant. Both training groups showed greater reductions in social anxiety than did waitlist; however, the benefits under these two training conditions were statistically indistinguishable. Improvements in the two training conditions beyond those of waitlist could be attributable to any factors common to them, but not to the contingency training specific to active attention bias modification training.