Carry-over effects, sequential density dependence and the dynamics of populations in a seasonal environment
Carry-over effects, sequential density dependence and the dynamics of populations in a seasonal environment
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2013.0110
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发表时间：
2013-05-22
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Norris, D. Ryan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Betini, Gustavo S.;Griswold, Cortland K.;Norris, D. Ryan
大多数动物种群都有不同的繁殖期和非繁殖期，但季节性对种群动态的影响还没有得到很好的理解。在这里，我们介绍了一个实验模型系统，研究人口动态的两个重要后果的季节性：顺序密度依赖和结转效应（COEs）。使用一个复制的季节性种群的果蝇，我们把个人在四个密度在非繁殖季节，然后，在那些幸存下来的，把它们繁殖在三个不同的密度。我们发现，COEs所产生的非繁殖密度的变化产生负面影响的个人表现，减少人均养殖产量的29- 77%，这意味着非致命的COEs可以有很大的影响人口丰度。然后，我们从实验结果参数化的双季节人口模型，并表明，顺序密度依赖和COEs可以稳定长期的人口动态，COEs可以降低人口规模在低的内在增长率。我们的研究结果具有重要的意义，预测新的栖息地的成功殖民，并了解长期持续的季节性种群在广泛的类群，包括迁移生物。
Most animal populations have distinct breeding and non-breeding periods, yet the implications of seasonality on population dynamics are not well understood. Here, we introduce an experimental model system to study the population dynamics of two important consequences of seasonality: sequential density dependence and carry-over effects (COEs). Using a replicated seasonal population of Drosophila, we placed individuals at four densities in the non-breeding season and then, among those that survived, placed them to breed at three different densities. We show that COEs arising from variation in non-breeding density negatively impacts individual performance by reducing per capita breeding output by 29-77%, implying that non-lethal COEs can have a strong influence on population abundance. We then parametrized a bi-seasonal population model from the experimental results, and show that both sequential density dependence and COEs can stabilize long-term population dynamics and that COEs can reduce population size at low intrinsic rates of growth. Our results have important implications for predicting the successful colonization of new habitats, and for understanding the long-term persistence of seasonal populations in a wide range of taxa, including migratory organisms.