Consistent cooperation in a cichlid fish is caused by maternal and developmental effects rather than heritable genetic variation
Consistent cooperation in a cichlid fish is caused by maternal and developmental effects rather than heritable genetic variation
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2017.0369
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发表时间：
2017-07-12
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Taborsky, Barbara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kasper, Claudia;Koelliker, Mathias;Taborsky, Barbara
对合作行为演变的研究通常局限于理解其适应价值。然而，同样重要的是要了解其演变的潜力，这需要了解合作行为的表型一致性和遗传基础。虽然以前的观察研究报告相当高的遗传性，帮助行为的合作繁殖脊椎动物，实验研究解开相关的遗传和非遗传成分的合作行为是缺乏的。在半同胞育种试验中，我们研究了合作繁殖的美丽新亮丽鲷的三种主要的帮助行为的重复性和遗传力。为了实验性地操纵一个领域所需的帮助量，我们在两种不同的环境中饲养了鱼，这两种环境中的鱼蛋捕食风险不同。所有这三种帮助行为都具有显著的可重复性，但遗传率很低。高的个人内的风险主要是由于孕产妇和永久环境的影响。知觉蛋捕食风险没有影响帮助，但社会互动显着影响帮助倾向。我们的研究结果表明，发育可塑性调整提供的帮助，以社会环境形状合作的表型，而遗传的遗传变异起着次要的作用。
Studies on the evolution of cooperative behaviour are typically confined to understanding its adaptive value. It is equally essential, however, to understand its potential to evolve, requiring knowledge about the phenotypic consistency and genetic basis of cooperative behaviour. While previous observational studies reported considerably high heritabilities of helping behaviour in cooperatively breeding vertebrates, experimental studies disentangling the relevant genetic and non-genetic components of cooperative behaviour are lacking. In a half-sibling breeding experiment, we investigated the repeatability and heritability of three major helping behaviours performed by subordinates of the cooperatively breeding fish Neolamprologus pulcher. To experimentally manipulate the amount of help needed in a territory, we raised the fish in two environments differing in egg predation risk. All three helping behaviours were significantly repeatable, but had very low heritabilities. The high within-individual consistencies were predominantly due to maternal and permanent environment effects. The perceived egg predation risk had no effect on helping, but social interactions significantly influenced helping propensities. Our results reveal that developmentally plastic adjustments of provided help to social context shape cooperative phenotypes, whereas heritable genetic variation plays a minor role.