PLACE RECOGNITION AND WAY FINDING BY CHILDREN AND ADULTS
PLACE RECOGNITION AND WAY FINDING BY CHILDREN AND ADULTS
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DOI：
10.3758/bf03209249
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发表时间：
1994-11-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
ALBERTS, DM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
CORNELL, EH;HETH, CD;ALBERTS, DM
儿童和成人在我们大学校园的第一次散步中被护送，并在返程中定期被带离原来的路线。在返程过程中，我们在原定路线上下的交叉口前停车，以获得地点识别准确性和置信度的估计。然后，受试者被要求指出通向起点的路径，如果错误，就会得到纠正。在需要颠倒偶然学到的新路线的寻路任务中，地点识别的准确性是中等的。然而，随着受试者离原始路线越远，准确率就越高，这表明新地标的存在促进了对新旧地点的区分。8岁的儿童的准确率低于12岁的儿童和25岁的成年人，后者的准确率没有差别。当受试者正确地认识到他们偏离了路线时，在指出返回方向的能力方面也存在类似的年龄差异。研究结果被用来开发基于位置识别的寻路模型。
Children and adults were escorted on their first walk across our university campus and were periodically led off the original route during the return trip. During the return, we stopped prior to intersections on and off the original route to obtain estimates of place recognition accuracy and confidence. The subjects were then asked to point to the path that led back to the start and were corrected if wrong. Accuracy of place recognition was intermediate in a way-finding task requiring reversal of an incidentally learned novel route. However, accuracy increased as subjects were farther from the original route, indicating that the presence of novel landmarks boosted the discrimination of old and new places. Eight-year-old children were less accurate than 12-year-old children and 25-year-old adults, who did not differ in accuracy. There was a similar age difference in the ability to point to the direction to return when subjects correctly recognized that they were off route. The results are used to develop a model of way finding by place recognition.