IMAGE-GUIDED FOCUSED ULTRASOUND-MEDIATED REGIONAL BRAIN STIMULATION IN SHEEP
IMAGE-GUIDED FOCUSED ULTRASOUND-MEDIATED REGIONAL BRAIN STIMULATION IN SHEEP
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2015.10.001
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发表时间：
2016-02-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Yoo, Seung-Schik
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lee, Wonhye;Lee, Stephanie D.;Yoo, Seung-Schik
使用聚焦超声的非侵入性脑刺激主要在小动物中进行。在本研究中，我们应用刺激聚焦超声经颅的初级感觉运动（SM 1）和视觉（V1）的绵羊（多塞特，所有女性，n = 8），磁共振成像的指导下，脑区，并检查电生理反应。通过使用250 kHz聚焦超声换能器，在脉冲模式下对该区域进行超声处理（短脉冲持续时间为1 ms，占空比为50%），持续300 ms。焦点目标处的声强度变化至14.3 W/cm（2）的空间峰值脉冲平均强度（Isppa）。声处理SM 1引起对侧后腿的肌电图反应，而刺激V1产生脑电图电位。这些反应只在一定的声强以上才被检测到，而阈值强度以及反应的程度在绵羊中各不相同。超声处理后动物行为正常，但在暴露于高重复超声处理的V1区观察到轻微的微损伤（每秒>= 500次，用于脑电图测量，Isppa = 6.6-10.5 W/cm（2），机械指数= 0.9-1.2）。我们的研究结果表明，聚焦超声作为一种新的脑刺激方式的潜在转化效用，但也呼吁谨慎使用过多的声处理。(C)2016年世界医学和生物学超声联合会。
Non-invasive brain stimulation using focused ultrasound has largely been carried out in small animals. In the present study, we applied stimulatory focused ultrasound transcranially to the primary sensorimotor (SM1) and visual (V1) brain areas in sheep (Dorset, all female, n = 8), under the guidance of magnetic resonance imaging, and examined the electrophysiologic responses. By use of a 250-kHz focused ultrasound transducer, the area was sonicated in pulsed mode (tone-burst duration of 1 ms, duty cycle of 50%) for 300 ms. The acoustic intensity at the focal target was varied up to a spatial peak pulse-average intensity (Isppa) of 14.3 W/cm(2). Sonication of SM1 elicited electromyographic responses from the contralateral hind leg, whereas stimulation of V1 generated electroencephalographic potentials. These responses were detected only above a certain acoustic intensity, and the threshold intensity, as well as the degree of responses, varied among sheep. Post-sonication animal behavior was normal, but minor microhemorrhages were observed from the V1 areas exposed to highly repetitive sonication (every second for >= 500 times for electroencephalographic measurements, Isppa = 6.6-10.5 W/cm(2), mechanical index = 0.9-1.2). Our results suggest the potential translational utility of focused ultrasound as a new brain stimulation modality, yet also call for caution in the use of an excessive number of sonications. (C) 2016 World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology.