Evaluating the use of local ecological knowledge to monitor hunted tropical-forest wildlife over large spatial scales
Evaluating the use of local ecological knowledge to monitor hunted tropical-forest wildlife over large spatial scales
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DOI：
10.5751/es-07601-200315
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Peres, Carlos A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Parry, Luke;Peres, Carlos A.
监测被猎杀野生动物的分布和数量对于实现资源的可持续利用至关重要，但大多数热带地区缺乏足够的数据。传统的方法监测狩猎森林脊椎动物物种需要密集的现场调查工作，这严重限制了空间和时间的复制。将当地生态知识（LEK）纳入监测和管理是有吸引力的，因为它可以具有成本效益，提高社区参与，并提供新的见解可持续资源利用。我们开发了一种技术，以监测人口枯竭的狩猎森林野生动物在巴西亚马逊，根据当地的生态知识的农村猎人。我们进行了快速访谈调查，以估计161个亚马逊河流域定居点周围的10种大型脊椎动物物种的大规模枯竭。我们评估了定居点和景观特征的解释和预测能力，并能够对当地动物群的耗竭进行可靠的估计。通过确定物种特定的耗竭驱动因素，并使用关于人口密度、土地形态和物理可达性的二手数据，我们估计了物种和区域规模的耗竭。例如，据估计，在巴西最大的州（亚马逊州），白唇山猪（Tayassu pecari）的分布范围有17%，尽管原始森林覆盖率有98%保持完好。我们发现有证据表明，小城市中心的肉类消费对一些森林物种产生了深远的影响，包括距离城市中心100公里以上的严重枯竭。我们的结论是，LEK为基础的方法需要进一步的实地验证，但有显着的潜力，以社区为基础的参与性监测，以及具有成本效益的，大规模的监测受威胁的森林物种。
Monitoring the distribution and abundance of hunted wildlife is critical to achieving sustainable resource use, yet adequate data are sparse for most tropical regions. Conventional methods for monitoring hunted forest-vertebrate species require intensive in situ survey effort, which severely constrains spatial and temporal replication. Integrating local ecological knowledge (LEK) into monitoring and management is appealing because it can be cost-effective, enhance community participation, and provide novel insights into sustainable resource use. We develop a technique to monitor population depletion of hunted forest wildlife in the Brazilian Amazon, based on the local ecological knowledge of rural hunters. We performed rapid interview surveys to estimate the landscape-scale depletion of ten large-bodied vertebrate species around 161 Amazonian riverine settlements. We assessed the explanatory and predictive power of settlement and landscape characteristics and were able to develop robust estimates of local faunal depletion. By identifying species-specific drivers of depletion and using secondary data on human population density, land form, and physical accessibility, we then estimated landscape-and regional-scale depletion. White-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari), for example, were estimated to be absent from 17% of their putative range in Brazil's largest state (Amazonas), despite 98% of the original forest cover remaining intact. We found evidence that bushmeat consumption in small urban centers has far-reaching impacts on some forest species, including severe depletion well over 100 km from urban centers. We conclude that LEK-based approaches require further field validation, but have significant potential for community-based participatory monitoring as well as cost-effective, large-scale monitoring of threatened forest species.