Collaborative research and intellectual property rights
Collaborative research and intellectual property rights
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合作研究和知识产权
DOI：
10.1007/bf00056196
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发表时间：
1995
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Kristina Plenderleith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Posey;G. Dutfield;Kristina Plenderleith
科学家们发现自己在收集和调查的各个方面越来越多地与土著、传统和地方社区合作。土著知识在研究中变得越来越重要，而与此同时，当地社区在使用、挪用和商业化其知识和生物遗传资源方面变得越来越政治化。即使是最有善意的科学家，也越来越难走进原住民地区，收集植物、动物、民间故事和照片，而不首先说服当地领导人，学术努力将在某种程度上造福社区-研究成果的好处将直接或间接地导致加强传统社会。在世界上许多地方，土著人民只允许合作研究，其中科学优先事项和议程由社区控制，或社区控制的研究，其中社区实际上与科学家签订合同，以执行该群体的研究计划。对数据的控制已经成为土著运动的关键“战斗口号”之一，现在要求对通过研究获得的信息拥有知识产权，并对最终可能产生的经济利益给予公正的补偿。本文涉及的一些伦理和实际问题，框架这一迅速发展的辩论。
Scientists find themselves working more and more with indigenous, traditional and local communities in all aspects of their collections and investigations. Indigenous knowledge has become increasingly important in research while at the same time local communities have become increasingly politicized in the use, misappropriation, and commercialisation of their knowledge and biogenetic resources. It is becoming more and more difficult for even the most well-intentioned scientists to stride into indigenous areas and collect plants, animals, folk tales, and photos without having first to convince local leaders that the scholarly efforts will somehow benefit the communities — that the benefits of research results will directly and indirectly lead to strengthening the traditional society. In many parts of the world, indigenous peoples only allow Collaborative Research in which the scientific priorities and agendas are controlled by the communities, or Community Controlled Research in which the communities actually contract scientists to carry out the group's research plan. Control over data has become one of the key ‘battle cries’ for the indigenous movement, that is now demanding Intellectual Property Rights over information obtained through research and just compensation for economic benefits that eventually may accrue. This paper deals with some of the ethical and practical issues that frame this rapidly evolving debate.