Assessment of melamine and cyanuric acid toxicity in cats
Assessment of melamine and cyanuric acid toxicity in cats
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DOI：
10.1177/104063870701900602
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发表时间：
2007-11-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Pesavento, Patricia A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Puschner, Birgit;Poppenga, Robert H.;Pesavento, Patricia A.
与狗和猫的急性肾衰竭有关的主要宠物食品召回最初集中在三聚氰胺作为可疑毒物。在调查过程中，除了三聚氰胺外，还在问题食物中发现了三聚氰尿酸。本研究的目的是表征三聚氰胺、三聚氰胺和三聚氰胺和三聚氰酸的混合物对猫的潜在毒性。本试验在2只猫的饲粮中分别添加0.5%和1%的三聚氰胺。在10天的试验中，分别以0.2%、0.5%和1%的增加剂量向1只猫的日粮中添加三聚氰尿酸。三聚氰胺和三聚氰尿酸分别以0%、0.2%、0.5%和1%的剂量组给药。单独喂食三聚氰胺或氰尿酸对猫的肾功能没有影响。由于急性肾衰竭，猫在给药48小时后被安乐死。所有猫的尿液和肾脏的触摸印痕都显示出扇形双折射晶体的存在。组织病理学结果仅限于肾脏，包括主要在远端肾元小管内的晶体，严重的肾间质水肿和皮质-髓交界处出血。这些肾脏的三聚氰胺浓度估计为每公斤湿重496至734毫克，三聚氰尿酸浓度估计为每公斤湿重487至690毫克。结果表明，三聚氰胺和三聚尿酸的结合是导致猫急性肾衰竭的原因。
The major pet food recall associated with acute renal failure in dogs and cats focused initially on melamine as the suspect toxicant. In the course of the investigation, cyanuric acid was identified in addition to melamine in the offending food. The purpose of this study was to characterize the toxicity potential of melamine, cyanuric acid, and a combination of melamine and cyanuric acid in cats. In this pilot study, melamine was added to the diet of 2 cats at 0.5% and 1%, respectively. Cyanuric acid was added to the diet of I cat at increasing doses of 0.2%, 0.5%, and 1% over the course of 10 days. Melamine and cyanuric acid were administered together at 0%, 0.2%, 0.5%, and 1% to I cat per dose group. No effect on renal function was observed in cats fed with melamine or cyanuric acid alone. Cats dosed with a combination were euthanized at 48 hours after dosing because of acute renal failure. Urine and touch impressions of kidneys from all cats dosed with the combination revealed the presence of fan-shaped, birefringent crystals. Histopathologic findings were limited to the kidneys and included crystals primarily within tubules of the distal nephron, severe renal interstitial edema, and hemorrhage at the corticomedullary junction. The kidneys contained estimated melamine concentrations of 496 to 734 mg/kg wet weight and estimated cyanuric acid concentrations of 487 to 690 mg/kg wet weight. The results demonstrate that the combination of melamine and cyanuric acid is responsible for acute renal failure in cats.