The structures of floral organs and reproductive characteristics of ornamental bamboo species, Pleioblastus pygmaeus
The structures of floral organs and reproductive characteristics of ornamental bamboo species, Pleioblastus pygmaeus
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.hpj.2022.06.002
复制
发表时间：
2022-06
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
W. Yao;Chuanzhe Li;Shuyan Lin;Jianping Wang;Tingting Fan;Wan-qi Zhao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. Yao;Chuanzhe Li;Shuyan Lin;Jianping Wang;Tingting Fan;Wan-qi Zhao
竹子作为木本草本植物，具有特殊的繁殖习性，生长期极长。苦竹是我国具有较高生态和经济价值的观赏矮生竹种。没有关于P的开花的文献记录。 2015年，南京林业大学竹园盛开。一般来说，竹类植物很少结果或结实率低，但该品种的种子产量很高。本研究利用解剖学方法探讨发育原因。依次研究了花芽分化过程以及花药壁发育、小孢子发生、大孢子发生、雌雄配子体发育、胚胎发育等一系列重要的生殖发育过程。每个雄蕊内含3个四孢子囊花药，花药壁发育呈单子叶型。小孢子通过连续两次有丝分裂最终成熟为三细胞花粉粒。雌蕊由三个心皮组成，在单个子房中具有倒生、细珠心和双珠胚珠。胚囊的形成属于蓼型。经过三个有丝分裂，功能性大孢子发育成七个细胞内有八个细胞核的胚囊。同一朵花中雄蕊和雌蕊同步发育。胚发育属于草型，胚乳发育属于核型。胚乳的发育早于胚。该研究丰富了竹类植物生殖生物学的基础知识，对进一步探讨竹类植物的开花机制、可持续培育竹类植物具有重要的基础意义。
As a woody grass, bamboo has special reproductive habits with an extremely long vegetative phase.Pleioblastus pygmaeusis a kind of ornamental dwarf bamboo species with high ecological and economic value in China. There was no documentary record of the flowering ofP. pygmaeusuntil 2015, which bloomed in the Bamboo Garden of Nanjing Forestry University. Generally, bamboo plants rarely bear fruit or have a low seed setting rate, but this species has a high seed production. This study explores developmental reasons using anatomical methods. The process of flower bud differentiation and a series of important reproductive development processes including anther wall development, microsporogenesis, megasporogenesis, male and female gametophyte development, and embryonic development were investigated sequentially. Each stamen contained three tetrasporangiate anthers and the development of anther wall was of Monocotyledonous type. The microspores finally matured into 3-celled pollen grains by two successive mitoses. The pistil was composed of three carpels, with an anatropous, tenuinucellate and bitegmic ovule in a single ovary. The formation of embryo sac belonged to Polygonum type. With three mitoses, functional megaspore developed into the embryo sac with eight nuclei within seven cells. The development of stamen and pistil was synchronous in the same floret. The development of embryo followed Grass type and the development of endosperm belonged to Nuclear type. The development of endosperm was earlier than that of embryo. The study enriches basic knowledge of reproductive biology of bamboo plants and is of great fundamental significance to furtherly explore flowering mechanism ofP.pygmaeusand to cultivate bamboo plants sustainably.